Influence of baffles on upstream passage of brook trout and brown trout in an experimental box culvert

Duguay, Jason; Lacey, Jay; Castro‐Santos, Theodore

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2017-0453

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, fish must search for the equilibrium of the hydraulic conditions to successfully negotiate the obstacle. Specialized references recommend a water depth higher than 20 cm for suitable swimming [15,45], though in velocity barriers tests with Iberian barbel [46][47][48], it was shown that water depths near 10 cm permitted them to develop burst swimming mode with a fork length (FL) lower than 25 cm. In the case of flow velocity, distance traveled by Iberian barbel was reported to be almost halved from 2.5 to 3 m/s [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it should be noted that swimming requirements are great even under the most favorable conditions. These findings are of interest to quantify flat-V weir impacts, for engineering applications and to establish retrofitting actions (such as backwatering [9,11] or increasing roughness over the face by means of baffles or bristle clusters [44,48], among others) when required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fish Upstream Passage Through Gauging Stations. Experiences With Iberian Barbel in Flat-V Weirs

Sanz‐Ronda¹,

Bravo‐Córdoba²,

García‐Vega³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The monitoring of river discharge is vital for the correct management of water resources. A worldwide facility used for measuring discharge are flat-V gauging weirs. These structures consist of a small weir, with a triangular cross-section and a flat “V”-shaped notch. Their extensive use is a consequence of their utility in the measurement of both low and high flow conditions. However, depending on their size, local morphology and river discharge can act as full or partial hydraulic barriers to fish migration. To give answer to this question, the present work studies fish passage performance over flat-V weirs considering their hydraulic performance. For this, radio-tracking and video monitoring observations were combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models in two flat-V weirs, using Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei) as target species. Results show that fish passage is conditioned by both hydraulic and behavioral processes, providing evidences about the scenarios where flat-V weirs may act as full or partial barriers to upstream movements. For the studied flat-V weirs, a discharge range of 0.27-8 m3/s, with a water drop difference between upstream and downstream water levels lower than 0.7 m and a depth downstream the weir higher than 0.30 m can be considered as an effective passage situation for barbels. These findings are of interest to quantify flat-V weir impacts, for engineering applications and to establish managing or retrofitting actions when required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Upstream Passage Through Gauging Stations. Experiences With Iberian Barbel in Flat-V Weirs

Sanz‐Ronda¹,

Bravo‐Córdoba²,

García‐Vega³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Understanding the energy‐saving strategy of fish in unsteady flow is important, with many potential applications across the fields of fisheries science, ecology and fluid dynamics (Duguay et al, 2018; Hockley, Wilson, Brew, & Cable, 2014; Li et al, 2017). Here, we have demonstrated that a combination of obstacles and flow velocity may be beneficial for fish swimming in unstable flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is vital to understand the fundamental principles of how fish swim, there are many challenges associated with describing locomotion in natural environments. Recently, a large number of studies have used experimental flumes in the laboratory to stimulate natural flow fields and to examine swimming behaviors of fish (Duguay, Lacey, & Castro‐Santos, 2018; Goettel, Atkinson, & Bennett, 2015; Li, Sun, Liu, & Zheng, 2021; Rodgers, Heaslip, & Cramp, 2017). Goettel et al (2015) assessed the behavioral responses of western blacknose dace ( Rhinichthys obtusus ) along swimming pathlines in an experimental flume that was fitted with protruding bricks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of obstacles and flow velocity on locomotory behavior in juvenile, silver carp,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Shi

Tan

et al. 2020

River Research & Apps

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We currently have only a minimal understanding of energy‐saving strategies of fish in unsteady flows. In this study, we found that obstacle shape can affect swimming ability of fish: our results suggested that a half cylinder improved critical swimming speed of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) compared with swimming downstream of a full cylinder, square tube or for free‐flow conditions. We also discovered how silver carp alter their locomotory behavior in response to turbulent flow caused by varying flow velocities around obstacles. At a flow velocity of 1 BL/s (body length per second), the fish spent similar percentages of time between holding station and moving forward behind the half cylinder: their motions resembled freestream swimming behavior. The greatest percentage of time spent downstream of the half cylinder occurred at a flow velocity of 5 BL/s. Fish were unstable and displayed irregular body motions with large lateral displacement at 5 BL/s. However, the fish held station for a long time and moved forward steadily behind the half cylinder at 3 BL/s. In holding station behind the half cylinder, fish maintained constant tail‐beat frequency and tail‐ beat amplitude when flow velocity was increased from 1 to 3 BL/s. In moving forward behind the half cylinder, fish increased tail‐beat frequency and tail‐beat amplitude while maintaining constant ground swimming speed, swimming acceleration and ground stride when flow velocity was increased from 3 to 5 BL/s. Moreover, fish positioned their snouts in a small area approximately 1–3 BL downstream from the half cylinder at 3 BL/s. These behaviors support the hypothesis that turbulence behind a half cylinder was a suitable location for fish to conserve energy at 3 BL/s. Our results indicate that the combined effect of obstacles and flow velocity influence fish locomotory behavior, and some combinations may be beneficial to fish energy expenditure swimming in unsteady flow.

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“…Agencies worldwide have developed guidelines for improving waterway connectivity at road crossings such as culverts (King & Torre, ), often based on learnings from other fish passage facilities (Duguay, Lacey, & Castro‐Santos, ). However, only a few acknowledge the potential effects of light on passage (Stuart, Berghuis, Long, & Mallen‐Cooper, ), or suggest mitigation options (Boubee et al, ; Cotterell, ).…”

Section: Potential Mitigation Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using knowledge of behaviour and optic physiology to improve fish passage through culverts

Jones

Hale

2020

Fish and Fisheries

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Culverts reduce connectivity for aquatic animals by being both a hydraulic and physical barrier. However, altered light intensity may also be a behavioural barrier to fish movement, especially for diurnal species that have adapted to moving when it is light. We propose that knowledge of optical physiology and fish behaviour, two important mechanisms underpinning movement, can inform efforts to improve fish movement through culverts. We firstly review the sensory systems of fish with reference to visual sense and explore how this affects fish movement. We then highlight theoretical knowledge that can help us understand fish behaviour and the potential mismatch between the conditions under which fish have evolved and altered conditions within culverts. We describe potential knowledge gaps and directions for future research to improve our understanding of how culverts may affect fish movement. Finally, we explore the potential costs and ecological benefits of different mitigation options to identify those with the most promise for managing the light environment in culverts to facilitate movement. For researchers and managers exploring this subject, we suggest an approach that: (a) identifies light requirements for movement by different species, (b) tests movement under different light conditions and (c) considers an integrative assessment method for testing fish behaviour around culverts. Understanding how optical physiology, fish behaviour and culvert design influence fish movement can improve connectivity for a range of species.

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Influence of baffles on upstream passage of brook trout and brown trout in an experimental box culvert

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Fish Upstream Passage Through Gauging Stations. Experiences With Iberian Barbel in Flat-V Weirs

Fish Upstream Passage Through Gauging Stations. Experiences With Iberian Barbel in Flat-V Weirs

Effects of obstacles and flow velocity on locomotory behavior in juvenile, silver carp,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Using knowledge of behaviour and optic physiology to improve fish passage through culverts

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