Influence of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review

Zalite, Imanta Ozola; Zykus, Romanas; Gonzalez, M. Francisco; Saygılı, Fatih; Puķītis, Aldis; Gaujoux, Sébastien; Charnley, Richard; Lyadov, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.pan.2014.11.006

Cited by 161 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Indeed, although obese patients without sarcopenia had a better prognosis in some studies, obese patients with sarcopenia (sarcopenic obesity) had a poor prognosis [9, 10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Skeletal Muscle Depletion on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Nishikawa

Hanai

Suzuki

et al. 2018

ORL

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Background: Skeletal muscle depletion and sarcopenia have been reported as poor prognostic factors for several types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of skeletal muscle depletion and sarcopenia on the outcomes in head and neck cancer patients. Methods: Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated from January 2013 to June 2014 were included in this study. The pretreatment cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) was measured by computed tomography image analysis using the ImageJ software. L3 skeletal muscle index (SMI) and fat-free mass (FFM) were calculated. Results: Eighty-five patients with HNSCC were included. The cut-off value of sarcopenia was set at SMI <46.7 cm²/m² (males) and 30.3 cm²/m² (females). The cut-off value of FFM was set at 42.3 kg (males) and 30.6 kg (females). Patients with a low SMI (sarcopenia) and low FFM had a significantly poorer prognosis than others, especially those who received definitive radiotherapy. Sarcopenia and low FFM are independent factors for poor prognosis in patients with HNSCC. Conclusion: The skeletal muscle area at L3 should be calculated when considering treatment options for head and neck cancer.

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“…Indeed, although obese patients without sarcopenia had a better prognosis in some studies, obese patients with sarcopenia (sarcopenic obesity) had a poor prognosis [9, 10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Skeletal Muscle Depletion on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Nishikawa

Hanai

Suzuki

et al. 2018

ORL

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“…We conclude that there is no need to use the full weight-based dose of S-1 in the case of overweight patients because the high-dose group could not show a better outcome than the low-dose group in the current study. In addition, patients with advanced pancreatic cancer commonly suffer body weight loss and cachexia [21], and full weight-based dose chemotherapy rarely becomes a problem in pancreatic cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Side Effects of a High S-1 Dose: Subanalysis of a Phase III Trial Comparing Gemcitabine, S-1 and Combinatorial Treatments for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

Kobayashi

Ueno²,

Irie³

et al. 2016

Oncology

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Objective: In this subanalysis of a phase III trial using three categorized doses of S-1, the influence of the actual doses on safety and efficacy was evaluated. Methods: We compared the efficacy and safety of the S-1 or gemcitabine plus S-1 combination (GS) arm between the top 10% group and the bottom 10% group according to the initial doses of S-1: ≥77.6 versus ≤65.9 mg/m²/day (n = 28 vs. 28) in the S-1 arm, and ≥65.1 versus ≤53.8 mg/m²/day (n = 27 vs. 28) in the GS arm. Results: Overall and progression-free survival were not significantly different between these two groups: hazard ratios of 0.818 and 0.761 with p values of 0.498 and 0.330 in the S-1 arm, and hazard ratios of 0.836 and 0.759 with p values of 0.557 and 0.323 in the GS arm, respectively. Incidences of grade 3-4 hematological toxicities were significantly higher in the top 10% group than in the bottom 10% group: 42.9 versus 14.3 and 85.2 versus 57.1%, with p values of 0.037 and 0.037 in the S-1 and the GS combination arm, respectively. Conclusions: Higher actual doses of S-1 were associated with a higher incidence of hematological toxicity even in the same dose setting.

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“…Cancer cachexia often goes undiagnosed particularly in patients with an initial higher body mass index (BMI) 11. Assessing the presence of sarcopenia at the first consultation can be difficult, but a crude measure is from the patient description of their muscle mass loss, reduced physical activity and review of muscle mass on the CT scan 10.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging clinic: The initial medical management of patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer

Sreedharan¹,

Kumar

Jewell

et al. 2018

Frontline Gastroenterol

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Pancreatic cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the UK and has the worst prognosis of any tumour with minimal improvements in survival over recent decades. As most patients are either ineligible for surgery or may decline chemotherapy, the emphasis is on control of symptoms and management of complications such as poor nutritional status. The time period between informing the patient of their diagnosis and commencing cancer treatments presents a valuable opportunity to proactively identify and treat symptoms to optimise patients’ overall well-being. The ‘bridging clinic’, delivered by a range of healthcare professionals from gastroenterologists to nurse practitioners, can provide this interface where patients are first informed of their diagnosis and second supportive therapies offered. In this article, we provide a structure for instituting such supportive therapies at the bridging clinic. The components of the clinic are summarised using the mnemonic INDASH (Information/Nutrition/Diabetes and Depression/Analgesia/Stenting/Hereditary) and each is discussed in detail below.

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Influence of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review

Cited by 161 publications

References 33 publications

The Impact of Skeletal Muscle Depletion on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The Impact of Skeletal Muscle Depletion on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Unexpected Side Effects of a High S-1 Dose: Subanalysis of a Phase III Trial Comparing Gemcitabine, S-1 and Combinatorial Treatments for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

Bridging clinic: The initial medical management of patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer

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