Influence of CAD/CAM zirconia for implant-abutment manufacturing on gingival fibroblasts and oral keratinocytes

Abstract

The analyzed zirconia ceramics could influence oral soft-tissue cells that might affect the esthetic outcome after implant placement using CAD/CAM zirconia abutments.

Comparison of Cytomorphometry and Early Cell Response of Human Gingival Fibroblast (HGFs) between Zirconium and New Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics (ZLS)

“…After the implants’ osseointegration period, second stage surgery requires remodelling the marginal gingival tissues (mainly keratinocytes and fibroblasts) around transgingival abutments [ 1 ]. Correct remodelling is essential for direct cellular contact at the level of the implant-abutment interface, which results in a correct mucosal seal [ 2 ], avoids apical migration of the junctional epithelium and bone resorption [ 3 ], and reduces bacterial adhesion on the surface [ 4 , 5 ].…”

“…Furthermore, the material of the transgingival abutment should be biocompatible and able to mimic native tissues as much as possible, providing the best possible substrate to the cells and thus accelerating adhesion, proliferation, and early spreading [ 1 , 6 , 7 ]. The introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology has allowed the use of a wide variety of restorative materials with precise marginal adaptation and reduced processing time.…”

Influence of Zirconia-Coated Bioactive Glass on Gingival Fibroblast Behavior

“…Zirconia appears to be an adequate material for abutment since it shows esthetic and biocompatibility features superior to those of titanium (1). Currently, researchers have focused on the establishment of bioactive interfaces between zirconia and peri-implant soft tissues, since the tissue barrier around abutments protects the underlying bone against resorption and maintains gingival shape (11).…”

“…The topography and physicochemistry of abutment surfaces directly affect the responses of GFs to material interfaces (11). During the healing process following implant surgery, marginal gingiva is often wounded, with the first step of soft-tissue regeneration being mainly dictated by the migration, attachment, and proliferation of GFs to the wounded area to produce the underlying collagen matrix (1). Therefore, in this study, we proposed the development of a bioactive glass coating on zirconia surfaces, by means of thermal treatment with Biosilicate® (BS) particles.…”

“…Zirconia abutments have been widely used in implant dentistry due to their superior aesthetic appearance compared with that of titanium, along with their biocompatibility with bone and gingival tissues, low bacterial adherence, suitable mechanical properties, and chemical stability (1). However, the success of dental implants also depends upon the establishment and maintenance of a stable attachment and efficient seal between the abutment surface and surrounding soft tissue at the abutment surface and/or transmucosal portion of the implants (2).…”