Influence of calcium ion-modified implant surfaces in protein adsorption and implant integration

Abstract

Background Calcium (Ca) is a well-known element in bone metabolism and blood coagulation. Here, we investigate the link between the protein adsorption pattern and the in vivo responses of surfaces modified with calcium ions (Ca-ion) as compared to standard titanium implant surfaces (control). We used LC–MS/MS to identify the proteins adhered to the surfaces after incubation with human serum and performed bilateral surgeries in the medial section of the femoral condyles of 18 New Zealand white rabbits to test osseointegration at 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation (n=9). Results Ca-ion surfaces adsorbed 181.42 times more FA10 and 3.85 times less FA12 (p<0.001), which are factors of the common and the intrinsic coagulation pathways respectively. We also detected differences in A1AT, PLMN, FA12, KNG1, HEP2, LYSC, PIP, SAMP, VTNC, SAA4, and CFAH (p<0.01). At 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation, the mean bone implant contact (BIC) with Ca-ion surfaces was respectively 1.52 and 1.25 times higher, and the mean bone volume density (BVD) was respectively 1.35 and 1.13 times higher. Differences were statistically significant for BIC at 2 and 8 weeks and for BVD at 2 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions The strong thrombogenic protein adsorption pattern at Ca-ion surfaces correlated with significantly higher levels of implant osseointegration. More effective implant surfaces combined with smaller implants enable less invasive surgeries, shorter healing times, and overall lower intervention costs, especially in cases of low quantity or quality of bone.

Review of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Characteristics of 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

“…Some of the functional material ions like Mg 2+ , Si 2+ , Na 2+ , Sr 2+ , PO 3– 4 , etc. induce osteoinductivity and are instrumental in new bone growth and healing. , The process by which the osteoblast cells form new bone is known as osteogenesis. This process ends once the implanted scaffold is completely resorbed by the action of osteoclasts and replaced by new bone .…”

Metallic Implants Used in Lumbar Interbody Fusion

“…Bone decortication and bleeding are caused by the inserted implant triggering intramembranous ossification, a process essential for successful bone remodeling and incorporation, leading to arthrodesis [ 115 , 116 , 117 ]. Implantation of the metal screw is followed by adsorption of a proteinaceous layer [ 118 ] (made of serum molecules, water, and proteins) on the implant surface followed by the formation of a blood clot that recruits inflammatory cells on the side of the instalment and initiates provisional matrix formation [ 119 ]. Complex molecular processes following wound healing and interbody fusion are characterized by three main phases described initially by Boden et al: inflammatory, reparative, and remodeling phases [ 120 ].…”

Enhancing the correlation betweenin vitroandin vivoexperiments in dental implant osseointegration: investigating the role of Ca ions

“…This technique was previously employed to evaluate the effect of Ca 2+ on protein adsorption onto dental implant surfaces. 21,22 The aim of this work is to conduct an extensive examination of Ca ion-modified dental implants (unicCa) to gain a comprehensive understanding of the key mechanisms allowing their osseointegration using proteomics techniques, both in cell cultures (osteoblasts and macrophages) and in an in vivo setting (rabbit condyle model). The authors aim to establish correlations among the outcomes obtained from these diverse techniques, providing an overall perspective on how calcium ions impact biological processes such as bone regeneration, inflammation, and coagulation.…”