Influence of Carbohydrates on Callus Proliferation During Somatic Embryogenesis in Pineapple [Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr. (Bromeliaceae) Var. Cayenne Smooth Cultivar CI 16]

Abstract

The improvement of pineapple (Ananas comosus var. Smooth Cayenne) by means of in vitro culture is less studied in Côte d'Ivoire despite the importance of this plant for this country’s economy. Our work consisted in highlighting nature and concentration effects of carbohydrates on the proliferation of calli in pineapple as a prelude to efficient embryogenesis. Callus proliferation was carried out from the base of pineapple vitroplants leaves. Thirty (30) explants were cultured on the tested culture medium. MS medium (micro- and macro elements of Murashige and Skoog) supplemented with vitamin Gamborg B5 was used as base medium to which were added 0.05 mg/L BAP, 3 mg/L picloram, 2 mg/L glycine, 1,000 mg/L glutamine, 100 mg/L casein hydrolyzate and 30 g/L carbohydrate. Sucrose was tested at different concentrations (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 g/L). The results revealed that callus proliferation is strongly influenced (p ˂ 0.0001) by nature and concentration of carbohydrate. Sucrose with the highest dry matter content (61.34 mg) has a higher callogenic potential than the other studied carbohydrates. The concentration of 30 g/L sucrose significantly improved the calli proliferation in pineapple. Galactose and maltose were less favorable to proliferation.

Armazenamento de sementes colhidas de diferentes posições do escapo floral para obtenção de plantas da bromélia imperial - Alcantarea imperialis

“…var. Smooth Cayenne) induzindo o incremento na massa seca, porém foi reduzido com a adição de 35 e 40 g.L -1 desse carboidrato no meio nutritivo (Samuel et al 2018). Oliveira et al (2010), ao analisar diferentes concentrações de sacarose (0, 10, 20 e 30 g.L -1 ) durante o cultivo in vitro de Ananas bracteatus, verificaram um menor conteúdo de clorofila na ausência deste açúcar, sugerindo que a sacarose possa interferir em rotas metabólicas relacionadas com a síntese deste pigmento.…”

Plant Regeneration through Indirect Organogenesis in Two Cultivars of Pineapple (<i>Ananas comosus</i> L.)

“…The sterilized leaf explants from crown and those from plantlets were excised aseptically and cut into pieces of 1 to 2 cm before being cultured Firoozabady basal medium [21] (MS medium (1962) basal salts) supplemented with 30 g/l of sucrose, vitamins B5, glycine (2.0 mg/l), glutamine (1000 mg/l), casein hydrolysate (100 mg/l) and MgCl 2 (0.75 g/l) (Sigma, France) [22]. The media were different by supplying BAP (0.5 mg/l or 1 mg/l), Kinetin (0.5 mg/l or 1 mg/l) and copper (II) sulphate 5-hydrate (2 mg/l).…”

“…Calli obtained were removed from plates six weeks after and fragmented into cell aggregate subunits. Each subunit was plated on subculturing media having the same basic elements with MS but containing double concentration of KNO 3 and half of NH 4 NO 3 , [22] supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (0.5 mg/l or 1 mg/l) and/ Naphthaleneacetic Acid (0.5 mg/l) for two eight weeks.…”