Influence of crust thickness on dome destabilization

Buisson, C.; Merle, Olivier

doi:10.1130/0-8137-2396-5.181

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…[18] The estimated crust strength of the 1988 -1990 Lonquimay lava is consistent with the strengths ($1 MPa) either inferred or measured by several authors [see Iverson, 1990;Buisson and Merle, 2005;Druitt and Kokelaar, 2002] for the fractured surface crusts of silicic lava domes, which are an order of magnitude smaller than the strengths ($10 MPa) of intact rocks [e.g., Jaeger and Cook, 1979].…”

Section: Flow Regime Predictionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Kerr

Lyman

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] The emplacement of the [1988][1989][1990] andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile is examined using theoretical expressions for the relevant dynamical flow regimes. The surface crust regime, where the flow is controlled by the growth of a surface crust rather than by the rheology of the fluid interior, is found to predict accurately the entire propagation of the Lonquimay lava flow. This discovery offers the exciting prospect of being able to predict the propagation of future blocky lavas, simply from early observations of both the volume erupted and the flow length as functions of time, without the need to know anything about the rheology of the interior lava.

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Section: Flow Regime Predictionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Kerr

Lyman

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…A primary measurement required for forecasting such events is that of the dome topography, from which the volume of collapsible material can be constrained, and effusion rate changes, that may signify a switch from effusive to explosive regimes, to be detected. However, internal parameters such as crust thickness, core‐to‐talus ratio and structural variability [e.g., Fink et al , 1990; Buisson and Merle , 2005; Wadge et al , 2008] are also of importance. Modern numerical models that include such complexities [ Hale et al , 2009] have highlighted of the need for increasingly detailed field observations and surface data in an effort to improve our understanding of dome processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of structural controls in an active lava dome with high resolution DEMs: Volcán de Colima, Mexico

James

Varley

2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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Monitoring the topography of active lava domes is critical for detecting changes that may trigger or influence collapse or explosive activity. Internal dome structure and conditions are more difficult to elucidate, but also play vital roles. Here, we describe the exposure (following an explosion) of significant scarps in the active dome at Volcán de Colima, Mexico, that are interpreted as evidence of brittle failure planes and a complex internal dome morphology. In the first use of automated 3D computer vision reconstruction techniques (structure‐from‐motion and multi‐view stereo, SfM‐MVS) on an active volcanic dome, we derive high resolution surface models from oblique and archive photographs taken with a consumer camera. The resulting 3D models were geo‐referenced using features identified in a web‐sourced orthoimage; no ground‐based measurements were required. In December 2010, the dome (2.14 × 106 m3) had a flat upper surface, reflecting an overall ductile emplacement regime. Between then and May 2011, a period of low explosivity was accompanied by a small volume loss (0.4 × 105 m3) and arcuate steps appeared in the dome surface, suggesting the presence of localized planes of weakness. The complex array of summit scarps was exposed following a significant explosion in June 2011, and is interpreted to be the surface expression of fault planes in the dome. The 1‐m resolution DEMs indicated that the region of greatest volume loss was not coincident with the assumed location of the conduit, and that heterogeneity within the dome may have been important during the June explosion.

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“…For example, sugar−based syrups and silicone oils are simple and cheap simulants of isothermal or tem− perature−dependent viscous flow regimes [Dietterich et al, 2015;Garel et al, 2015]. Silicone covered in sand and flour has been used by Buisson and Merle [2005] to mimic flows with a brittle crust. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used extensively to simulate solidifica− tion [e.g., Fink and Griffiths, 1990;Soule and Cashman, 2004;Garel et al, 2014;Rumpf et al, 2018], and the plastic Bingham rheology of kaoline slurries was utilized to simulate the growth of highly crystalline lava domes [Blake, 1990].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2010]), inflating a balloon inside a reservoir to push fluid out ( [Blake, 1990], peristaltic pumps [e.g., Rumpf et al, 2018;Rader et al, 2017], piston−in−cylinder pumps [Griffiths and Fink, 1997;Buisson and Merle, 2005;Castruccio et al, 2014;Dietterich et al, 2015] and hydraulic squeezers [Za'vada et al, 2009].…”

Section: Tools and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog experiments of lava flow emplacement

Lev

Rumpf

Dietterich

2019

Annals of Geophysics

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Laboratory experiments that simulate lava flows have been in use by volcanologists for many years. The behavior of flows in the lab, where "eruption" parameters, material properties, and environmental settings are tightly controlled, provides insight into the influence of various factors on flow evolution. A second benefit of laboratory lava flows is to provide a set of observations with which numeri− cal models of flow emplacement can be tested. Models of lava flow emplacement vary in mathematical approach, physical assumptions, and computational cost. Nonetheless, all models require thorough testing and evaluation, and laboratory experiments produce an ex− cellent test for models. This paper provides a primer on modern analog laboratory lava flow experiments. It reviews scaling considerations and provides quanti− tative information meant to guide future experimentalists in designing their experiments to be relevant to natural processes. Traditional and novel laboratory techniques are described, including a discussion of current limitations. New insights from recent experiments high− light the impact of topographic conditions and highlight the importance of considering bed roughness, major obstacles, and slope breaks. The influence of episodic or non−uniform effusion rate is demonstrated through recent experimental works. Lastly, the paper discusses sev− eral open questions about lava flow emplacement and the ways in which future improvements in experimental methods, such as the abil− ity to utilize three−phase suspensions and materials with complex rheologies and to image the interior of flows could help answer these.

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Influence of crust thickness on dome destabilization

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Identification of structural controls in an active lava dome with high resolution DEMs: Volcán de Colima, Mexico

Analog experiments of lava flow emplacement

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