Influence of demographic characteristics on attenuated positive psychotic symptoms in a young, help‐seeking, at‐risk population

Theodoridou, Anastasia; Hengartner, Michael Pascal; Dvorsky, Diane; Schultze‐Lutter, Frauke; Walitza, Susanne; Rössler, Wulf

doi:10.1111/eip.12444

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Moderate influences of sex, age, and, largely explained by age, education years on APS/BIPS have also been reported from a Swiss patient sample (Theodoridou et al 2017 ). Moreover, a recent review on the impact of cannabis as the most commonly used drug reinforced its role in the development of psychotic and schizotypal symptoms, with family history and traumatic events likely increasing sensitivity to cannabis (Løberg et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Prevalence and clinical relevance of interview-assessed psychosis-risk symptoms in the young adult community

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAn efficient indicated prevention of psychotic disorders requires valid risk criteria that work in both clinical and community samples. Yet, ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria were recently recommended for use in clinical samples only. Their use in the community was discouraged for lack of knowledge about their prevalence, clinical relevance and risk factors in non-clinical, community settings when validly assessed with the same instruments used in the clinic.MethodsUsing semi-structured telephone interviews with established psychosis-risk instruments, we studied the prevalence of psychosis-risk symptoms and criteria, their clinical relevance (using presence of a non-psychotic mental disorder or of functional deficits as proxy measures) and their risk factors in a random, representative young adult community sample (N=2683; age 16–40 years; response rate: 63.4%).ResultsThe point-prevalence of psychosis-risk symptoms was 13.8%. As these mostly occurred too infrequent to meet frequency requirements of psychosis-risk criteria, only 2.4% of participants met psychosis-risk criteria. A stepwise relationship underlay the association of ultra-high risk and basic symptoms with proxy measures of clinical relevance, this being most significant when both occurred together. In line with models of their formation, basic symptoms were selectively associated with age, ultra-high risk symptoms with traumatic events and lifetime substance misuse.ConclusionsPsychosis-risk criteria were uncommon, indicating little risk of falsely labelling individuals from the community at-risk for psychosis. Besides, both psychosis-risk symptoms and criteria seem to possess sufficient clinical relevance to warrant their broader attention in clinical practice, especially if ultra-high risk and basic symptoms occur together.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Prevalence and clinical relevance of interview-assessed psychosis-risk symptoms in the young adult community

et al. 2017

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“…In light of these considerations that may have major impact on future research into the neurobiological underpinnings of symptoms of psychosis (15,31) and the future development of both age-adapted early detection and age-adapted early interventions (6,12,31), and in light of the limited studies on age effects on BS, we investigated the age effects on and age thresholds of BS in a CHR sample. In line with the replication of age effects on APS in clinical samples (23,25), we expected that age thresholds would follow those earlier reported from the Swiss community study (29,31). Additionally, in light of the moderating effect of age on the association of BS with functional impairment, which was weaker in younger subjects (29,31), we also examined if the effect of age on BS might be influenced by the presence of functional impairments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Next to this lower psychosis-predictive value of CHR criteria in children and younger adolescents, in particular of the APS syndrome (14,21), accumulating evidence suggests that age and developmental aspects might also alter the general clinical relevance and the prevalence rate of CHR symptoms. Again, this evidence has mainly accumulated for APS and BLIPS (13,14,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), in doing so indicating an age threshold around the age of 16 below which these symptoms are more frequent, but less clinically relevant in terms of their association with functional deficits and/or nonpsychotic mental disorder, and less psychosis-predictive (21-23, 28, 29). In doing so, the interaction of APS with age played a particular role in predicting psychosocial functioning, with APS being increasingly associated with functional deficits with advancing age in the community (29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Symptoms Are Associated With Age in Patients With a Clinical High-Risk State for Psychosis: Results From the PRONIA Study

et al. 2020

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“…We had chosen this age group because higher nonconversion rates compared to adult samples were reported for this group[ 19 , 21 ], and because CHR symptoms and criteria were shown to be more prevalent and less clinically relevant in children and adolescents[ 22 , 23 , 51 - 53 ]. Consequently, we expected that CHR symptoms and criteria would most likely show characteristics indicative of a pluripotent syndrome, of a transdiagnostic risk factor or of a severity marker in this age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both community and clinical studies on the effect of age on CHR symptoms and criteria indicated an age threshold around age of 16 years for APS and BIPS, with perceptual APS/BIPS being more prevalent below this age and all APS/BIPS being less clinically relevant[ 22 , 23 , 51 , 53 ]. For perceptual and cognitive basic symptoms, the age thresholds for prevalence and clinical significance were around age of 18 and 23 years, respectively[ 23 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical high-risk criteria of psychosis in 8–17-year-old community subjects and inpatients not suspected of developing psychosis

Schultze‐Lutter¹,

Walger²,

Franscini³

et al. 2022

WJP

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BACKGROUND In children and adolescents compared to adults, clinical high-risk of psychosis (CHR) criteria and symptoms are more prevalent but less psychosis-predictive and less clinically relevant. Based on high rates of non-converters to psychosis, especially in children and adolescents, it was suggested that CHR criteria were: (1) Pluripotential; (2) A transdiagnostic risk factor; and (3) Simply a severity marker of mental disorders rather than specifically psychosis-predictive. If any of these three alternative explanatory models were true, their prevalence should differ between persons with and without mental disorders, and their severity should be associated with functional impairment as a measure of severity. AIM To compare the prevalence and severity of CHR criteria/symptoms in children and adolescents of the community and inpatients. METHODS In the mainly cross-sectional examinations, 8–17-year-old community subjects ( n = 233) randomly chosen from the population register of the Swiss Canton Bern, and inpatients ( n = 306) with primary diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( n = 86), eating disorder ( n = 97), anxiety including obsessive–compulsive disorder ( n = 94), or autism spectrum disorder ( n = 29), not clinically suspected to develop psychosis, were examined for CHR symptoms/criteria. Positive items of the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) were used to assess the symptomatic ultra-high-risk criteria, and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Child and Youth version (SPI-CY) was used to assess the 14 basic symptoms relevant to basic symptom criteria. We examined group differences in frequency and severity of CHR symptoms/criteria using χ 2 tests and nonparametric tests with Cramer’s V and Rosenthal’s r as effect sizes, and their association with functioning using correlation analyses. RESULTS The 7.3% prevalence rate of CHR criteria in community subjects did not differ significantly from the 9.5% rate in inpatients. Frequency and severity of CHR criteria never differed between the community and the four inpatient groups, while the frequency and severity of CHR symptoms differed only minimally. Group differences were found in only four CHR symptoms: suspiciousness/persecutory ideas of the SIPS [ χ 2 (4) = 9.425; P = 0.051, Cramer’s V = 0.132; and Z = -4.281, P < 0.001; Rosenthal’s r = 0.184], and thought pressure [ χ 2 (4) = 11.019; P = 0.026, Cramer’s V = 0.143...

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Influence of demographic characteristics on attenuated positive psychotic symptoms in a young, help‐seeking, at‐risk population

Abstract: Our results highlighted the role of age and, thereby, neurodevelopment in psychosis-risk assessment.

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence and clinical relevance of interview-assessed psychosis-risk symptoms in the young adult community

Prevalence and clinical relevance of interview-assessed psychosis-risk symptoms in the young adult community

Basic Symptoms Are Associated With Age in Patients With a Clinical High-Risk State for Psychosis: Results From the PRONIA Study

Clinical high-risk criteria of psychosis in 8–17-year-old community subjects and inpatients not suspected of developing psychosis

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