Influence of Dietary Calcium on Bone Calcium Utilization

Farmer, M.; Roland, D. A.; Clark, A. J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0650337

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The mechanism of this effect is probably connected with the possibility that the slower solubility of large-particle limestone (grit) and its prolonged retention time in the gizzard also makes Ca available at night, when there is no feed intake by hens but when the shell calcification process is occurring intensively (Roland and Harms, 1973). This would prevent the mobilisation of bone Ca and P reserves, a process which could affect eggshell quality (Farmer et al, 1986). The results of a study by Zhang and Coon (1997) showed that large-particle limestone (> 0.8 mm) with lower in vitro solubility was retained in the gizzard for a longer time, which significantly increased in vivo solubility and could lead to improved Ca retention in layers.…”

Section: Eggshell Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on performance and eggshell quality of particle size of calcium sources in laying hens' diets with different Ca concentrations

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of particle size of a dietary Ca source on egg production and eggshell quality when added to hens' diets that have different levels of calcium. The experiment was carried out on 216 ISA Brown hens (25 to 70 weeks of age), allocated to 9 groups of 12 replicates (cages), with two birds in each cage. A 3 × 3 factorial arrangement was used, with three dietary levels of calcium (3.20, 3.70 and 4.20 %) and three levels of dietary substitutions (0, 25 and 50 %) of fine particles of limestone (FPL, diameter 0.2-0.6 mm) with large particles of limestone (LPL, diameter 1.0-1.4 mm) as a Ca source.The level of Ca in the diet had no effect on egg production, mean egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio or eggshell quality parameters (P >0.05). Substitution of FPL with LPL did not affect laying performance indices or eggshell quality at 30, 43 and 53 weeks of age (P >0.05); however, it increased (P <0.05) eggshell percentage, thickness, density and breaking strength in older hens (69 weeks of age). In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that a level of 3.20 % Ca in a layer's diet is sufficient through the entire laying cycle to maintain good egg production and eggshell quality and that partial (25 or 50 %) substitution of fine-with large-particle limestone can, irrespective of the level of Ca in the diet, improve eggshell quality in aged laying hens.

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Section: Eggshell Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on performance and eggshell quality of particle size of calcium sources in laying hens' diets with different Ca concentrations

et al. 2015

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“…Eggshell formation normally occurs during night time, when no feed consumption occurs, emphasizing the birds dependence on intestinal and skeletal calcium (Ca) reserves for shell calcification. Scott et al (1971), Brister et al (1981) and Farmer et al (1986) suggested that the prolonged retention time of larger particles limestone in the acidic environment of the gizzard would provide more available ionic calcium (Ca 2+ ) during night-time, which could be utilized for eggshell calcification. Consequently, the maintenance of adequate Ca reserves in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) would reduce the dependency on skeletal Ca for eggshell formation, thereby limiting the mobilization of medullary Ca reserves (Farmer et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scott et al (1971), Brister et al (1981) and Farmer et al (1986) suggested that the prolonged retention time of larger particles limestone in the acidic environment of the gizzard would provide more available ionic calcium (Ca 2+ ) during night-time, which could be utilized for eggshell calcification. Consequently, the maintenance of adequate Ca reserves in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) would reduce the dependency on skeletal Ca for eggshell formation, thereby limiting the mobilization of medullary Ca reserves (Farmer et al, 1986). Other authors Keshavarz & McCormick, 1991) also reported an improvement in eggshell quality and egg weight by replacing a part of ground limestone with larger particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of limestone particle size on egg production and eggshell quality of hens during late production

et al. 2010

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________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractA study was conducted to determine the influence of different particle size limestone in layer diets on egg production and eggshell quality during the later stages of egg production (>54 weeks of age). Calcitic limestone (360 g Ca/kg), consisting of small (<1.0 mm), medium (1.0 -2.0 mm) and large (2.0 -3.8 mm) particles were obtained from a specific South African source that is extensively used in poultry diets Isoenergetic (14.32 MJ AME/kg DM) and isonitrogenous (172.01 g CP/kg DM) diets with a dietary Ca content of 39.95 g Ca/kg DM were used. Sixty nine, individual caged Lohmann-Silver pullets, 17 weeks of age, were randomly allocated to the three treatments (n = 23) for the determination of various egg production and eggshell quality characteristics. Egg production and eggshell quality data recorded on individual basis at 54, 58, 64 and 70 weeks of age were pooled to calculate and statistical analysed parameter means for the late production period. Different limestone particle sizes had no effect on any of the tested egg production and eggshell quality parameters. These results suggested that larger particles limestone are not necessarily essential to provide sufficient Ca 2+ to laying hens for egg production and eggshell quality at end-of-lay, provided that the dietary Ca content satisfies the requirements of the laying hen.________________________________________________________________________________

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“…Pereira (2004) reported that birds fed normal levels of calcium presented greater weight of shells than those fed lower levels, confirming the results found in this study. This effect had been known for a while because of the results found by Outerhout (1980), Farmer et al (1986) and Clunies et al (1992 a, b) which had already reported this effect of shell weight in relation to the level of calcium in the diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Reduction of the nutritional values of diets for hens through supplementation with phytase

et al. 2010

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-The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the reduction on nutritional levels of diets for semiheavy hens during the laying peak on performance, egg quality and bone parameters. A total of eight diets were evaluated, each one with five repetitions of eight birds: 1) control: formulated to supply requirements by the birds; 2) control + 0.03% or 600 FTU; 3) 15% crude protein; 2,800 kcal ME; 3.8% Ca and 0.28% aP; 4) diet 3 + 0.03% or 600 FTU; 5) 14% crude protein; 2,750 kcal ME; 3.4% Ca and 0.23% aP; 6) diet 5 + 0.03% or 600 FTU; 7) 13% crude protein; 2,700 kcal ME; 3.0% Ca and 0.18% aP; and 8) diet 7 + 600 FTU. The reduction of the nutritional levels harmed the performance of the birds, particularly egg production and egg mass, which improved by the inclusion of phytase in the diets. However, the parameters for egg quality did not change as the level was reduced down to 15% crude protein; 2,800 kcal ME/kg; 3.80% Ca and 0.280% aP, which was not repeated in the levels with lower nutritional density. Reduction of nutritional levels did not affect the evaluated bone parameters, except for resistance, which improved as phytase was added at the level 600 FTU. Reduction on the diet nutritional levels to 15% crude protein; 2,800 kcal ME/kg; 3.80% Ca and 0.280% aP with the addition of 600 FTU of phytase does not impair egg production neither egg mass and improve the bone health of birds.Key Words: bone health, eggs, laying hens, performance Redução do valor nutricional de dietas para poedeiras por meio da suplementação com fitase RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da redução dos níveis nutricionais de dietas para poedeiras marrons em pico de postura sobre o desempenho das aves, a qualidade dos ovos e os parâmetros ósseos. No total foram avaliadas oito dietas, cada uma com cinco repetições de oito aves: 1. controle: formulada para suprir as exigências das aves; 2) controle + 0,03% ou 600 FTU; 3) 15% PB; 2.800 kcal de EM; 3,8% Ca e 0,28% Pd; 4) dieta 3 + 0,03% ou 600 FTU; 5) 14% PB; 2.750 kcal de EM; 3,4% Ca e 0,23% Pd; 6) dieta 5 + 0,03% ou 600 FTU; 7) 13% PB; 2.700 kcal de EM; 3,0% Ca e 0,18% Pd; e 8) dieta 7 + 0,03% ou 600 FTU. A redução dos níveis nutricionais prejudicou o desempenho das aves, principalmente a produção e massa de ovos, que melhorou com a inclusão de fitase nas dietas. Os parâmetros de qualidade dos ovos, no entanto, não se alteraram com a redução até o nível de 15% de PB; 2.800 kcal de EM/kg; 3,80% Ca e 0,280% Pd, o que não se repetiu nos níveis com menor densidade nutricional. Não houve efeito da redução dos níveis nutricionais sobre os parâmetros ósseos avaliados, exceto a resistência, que melhorou com a suplementação de fitase no nível de 600 FTU. A redução nos níveis nutricionais da dieta para 15% de PB, 2.800 kcal/kg de EM, 3,8% de Ca e 0,280% de Pd com a adição de 600 FTU não prejudica a produção nem a massa de ovos e melhora a saúde óssea das aves.

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Influence of Dietary Calcium on Bone Calcium Utilization

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Effects on performance and eggshell quality of particle size of calcium sources in laying hens' diets with different Ca concentrations

Effects on performance and eggshell quality of particle size of calcium sources in laying hens' diets with different Ca concentrations

Effect of limestone particle size on egg production and eggshell quality of hens during late production

Reduction of the nutritional values of diets for hens through supplementation with phytase

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