Influence of dietary lipids on the erythrocyte antioxidant status of hypercholesterolaemic children

Abstract

The aim of this work was to examine the effect of dietary lipid intakes on the biomarkers of red cell antioxidant status in hypercholesterolaemic children. The study population included 34 children (18 boys and 16 girls) with cholesterol levels > or =5.2 mmol/l and 16 normolipidaemic children (9 boys and 7 girls) between 6 and 12 years of age. The status of the erythrocyte antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were estimated spectrophotometrically. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-h recall and seven-day records. The hypercholesterolaemic children showed a decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes in relation to the control group. There was a negative correlation between energy intake and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and GSH levels. Cholesterol intake was inversely correlated with CAT and GPx activity and GSH levels. The intake of polyunsaturated fat was positively correlated with the GPx activity. A decrease in the fat content of the diet for 6 months was proposed and 15 children followed the diet strictly. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in these children were significantly higher after the low-fat diet; the greatest increment was noted in the activity of GPx (91% with respect to the initial values), SOD was increased by 44% and CAT by 70%. We conclude that the intake of dietary lipids can modulate the antioxidant defence system, and an excess of energy and cholesterol has a negative influence on the antioxidant enzymes.

ACP1 genotype, glutathione reductase activity, and riboflavin uptake affect cardiovascular risk in the obese

“…Furthermore, GR activity was found to inversely correlate to blood levels of total cholesterol (P = .018), in agreement with previously published data [38]. Levels of GR activity were significantly (P = .003) higher in women with total cholesterol levels of less than 200 mg/dL when compared with women with levels exceeding that value.…”

“…LDL cholesterol levels as well as to BMI in hypercholesterolemic children [38]. Serdar et al [39] discussed the progression of coronary artery disease in 1-, 2-, and 3-vessel disease, finding the odds ratio of lower GR and glutathione peroxidase levels to be increased in 3-vessel disease with respect to 1-and 2-vessel disease and control groups.…”

Antioxidant enzymes activities in obese Tunisian children

“…The protein and expression of SOD showed no significant changes. On the other hand, it had been shown that hypercholesterolaemic non-obese children had lower red cell antioxidant enzymes [28]. As a consequence, they could be more susceptible to the adverse effects of reactive oxygen species.…”

Ameliorative effect of statin therapy on oxidative damage in heart tissue of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

“…In addition, decreased activities of SOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) may lead to the accelerated progression of atherogenesis. Codoñer-Franch et al [44] found that SOD activity was reduced in hypercholesterolemic children compared to the control group. SOD activity has been reported to be unaffected and higher in previous studies with atherogenesis [38][39][40][41][42][43].…”