Influence of dietary protein and fat on serum lipids and metabolism of essential fatty acids in rats

Ratnayake, W. M. N.; Sarwar, Ghulam; Laffey, Patrick

doi:10.1079/bjn19970163

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They observed that TAG levels were inversely correlated with plasma total hydroxyproline, total glycine and total proline concentrations, three major amino acids derived from low-molecular-weight collagen fish peptides ( 21 ) . Hafidi et al ( 46 ) and Ratnayake et al ( 47 ) have also reported a decrease in TAG levels following a diet rich in glycine in rats fed a high-sucrose diet, suggesting that glycine could have contributed to the observed TAG-lowering effects following the consumption of the FG broth in this study. The lower lysine:arginine ratio of fish protein and gelatine compared with casein may also have been involved ( 48 ) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Dietary supplementation with fish gelatine modifies nutrient intake and leads to sex-dependent responses in TAG and C-reactive protein levels of insulin-resistant subjects

Picard-Deland¹,

Lavigne

Marois³

et al. 2012

J. nutr. sci.

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Previous studies have shown that fish protein, as well as marine n-3 PUFA, may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk profile. The objectives of this study were to investigate the combined effects of fish gelatine (FG) and n-3 PUFA supplementation on (1) energy intake and body weight, (2) lipid profile and (3) inflammatory and CVD markers in free-living insulin-resistant males and females. Subjects were asked to consume, in a crossover study design with two experimental periods of 8 weeks each, an n-3 PUFA supplement and n-3 PUFA supplement plus FG (n-3 PUFA + FG). n-3 PUFA + FG led to an increase in protein intake and a decrease in carbohydrate intake compared with n-3 PUFA (P < 0·02) in males and females. Sex–treatment interactions were observed for TAG (P = 0·03) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (P = 0·001) levels. In females, n-3 PUFA reduced plasma TAG by 8 % and n-3 PUFA + FG by 23 %, whereas in males, n-3 PUFA reduced plasma TAG by 25 % and n-3 PUFA + FG by 11 %. n-3 PUFA increased serum hsCRP by 13 % and n-3 PUFA + FG strongly reduced hsCRP by 40 % in males, whereas in females, n-3 PUFA reduced serum hsCRP by 6 % and n-3 PUFA + FG increased hsCRP by 20 %. In conclusion, supplementation with FG may enhance the lipid-lowering effect of marine n-3 PUFA in females and beneficially counteract the effect of n-3 PUFA on serum hsCRP in males. Further studies are needed to identify the sex-dependent mechanisms responsible for the divergent effects of FG on TAG and hsCRP levels in females and males, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Dietary supplementation with fish gelatine modifies nutrient intake and leads to sex-dependent responses in TAG and C-reactive protein levels of insulin-resistant subjects

Picard-Deland¹,

Lavigne

Marois³

et al. 2012

J. nutr. sci.

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“…Another group has attributed the lowering effect on plasma cholesterol and triglycerides (TGs) of gelatin, compared with casein, to its high glycine content (40). This group showed that gelatin, which contains 12 times more glycine than casein, decreases plasma cholesterol and TGs when administered in the diet of hypercholesterolemic rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine intake decreases plasma free fatty acids, adipose cell size, and blood pressure in sucrose-fed rats

Hafidi¹,

Pérez²,

Zamora³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

106

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os. Glycine intake decreases plasma free fatty acids, adipose cell size, and blood pressure in sucrose-fed rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287: R1387-R1393, 2004. First published August 26, 2004 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00159.2004The study investigated the mechanism by which glycine protects against increased circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), fat cell size, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, and blood pressure (BP) induced in male Wistar rats by sucrose ingestion. The addition of 1% glycine to the drinking water containing 30% sucrose, for 4 wk, markedly reduced high BP in sucrose-fed rats (SFR) (122.3 Ϯ 5.6 vs. 147.6 Ϯ 5.4 mmHg in SFR without glycine, P Ͻ 0.001). Decreases in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (0.9 Ϯ 0.3 vs. 1.4 Ϯ 0.3 mM, P Ͻ 0.001), intra-abdominal fat (6.8 Ϯ 2.16 vs. 14.8 Ϯ 4.0 g, P Ͻ 0.01), and adipose cell size were observed in SFR treated with glycine compared with SFR without treatment. Total NEFA concentration in the plasma of SFR was significantly decreased by glycine intake (0.64 Ϯ 0.08 vs. 1.11 Ϯ 0.09 mM in SFR without glycine, P Ͻ 0.001). In control animals, glycine decreased glucose, TGs, and total NEFA but without reaching significance. In SFR treated with glycine, mitochondrial respiration, as an indicator of the rate of fat oxidation, showed an increase in the state IV oxidation rate of the ␤-oxidation substrates octanoic acid and palmitoyl carnitine. This suggests an enhancement of hepatic fatty acid metabolism, i.e., in their transport, activation, or ␤-oxidation. These findings imply that the protection by glycine against elevated BP might be attributed to its effect in increasing fatty acid oxidation, reducing intra-abdominal fat accumulation and circulating NEFA, which have been proposed as links between obesity and hypertension. obesity; mitochondrial oxygen uptake; fatty acid oxidation OBESITY is a significant human health problem; its incidence is reaching epidemic proportions in many Western countries (2, 31). Obesity with fat accumulation predominantly in the abdominal cavity is more frequently associated with disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism than is subcutaneous fat obesity (6, 17). It is well known that increased intra-abdominal fat accumulation is also associated with elevated circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) (33), resulting from the increased lipolytic activity in adipose tissue. High levels of circulating NEFA have been assumed to be a possible link between intra-abdominal fat accumulation and elevated blood pressure (BP) (9,34,46,49).Several factors are known to be involved in the development of intra-abdominal adiposity in both humans and animals, including genetic and environmental factors, such as excessive fat or carbohydrate intake and lack of physical exercise (8, 44). Thus several animal models of obesity have been developed to investigate the mechanism by which obesity induces hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance.In our laboratory, we developed an animal model of intraabdominal fat accumulation, indu...

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“…It has also been reported that ingestion of diets containing gelatin or CP affects the blood levels of triglycerides (TG) and/or total cholesterol (TC) in rats (Ratnayake et al, 1997;Wu et al, 2004;Saito et al, 2009), mice (Oliveira et al, 2001), and rabbits (Terpstra et al, 1983). TG and TC both decreased more markedly in rats fed a gelatincontaining diet than in rats fed a casein diet when a high protein content diet (300 g/kg diet) was used (Ratnayake et al, 1997). Oliveira et al (2001) reported that TG, but not TC, decreased significantly when mice were fed a 10% casein + 10% gelatin diet, compared with a 20% casein diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Collagen Peptide Ingestion on Blood Lipids in Rats Fed a High-Lipid and High-Sucrose Diet

Koyama

Kusubata

2013

FSTR

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Increased protein intake frequently improves lipid profiles in humans and animals. To investigate the effects of collagen peptide ingestion on blood lipid profiles, 0.2 g/kg body weight collagen peptide was administered for 29 days to male Crlj:CD (SD) rats fed a high-lipid and high-sucrose diet, and their blood lipid levels were determined on days 1 and 28, and also on day 30 after overnight fasting. Food intake and body weight did not change with collagen peptide ingestion. Although triglycerides increased markedly with the high-lipid and high-sucrose diet, collagen peptide ingestion had no significant effect on triglyceride levels. Collagen peptide also had no effect on non-esterified fatty acid levels. In contrast, total cholesterol, particularly LDL, was significantly lower in rats given collagen peptide than in control rats on day 30 after overnight fasting. These results suggest that collagen peptide ingestion improves cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid and high-sucrose diet.

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Influence of dietary protein and fat on serum lipids and metabolism of essential fatty acids in rats

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Dietary supplementation with fish gelatine modifies nutrient intake and leads to sex-dependent responses in TAG and C-reactive protein levels of insulin-resistant subjects

Dietary supplementation with fish gelatine modifies nutrient intake and leads to sex-dependent responses in TAG and C-reactive protein levels of insulin-resistant subjects

Glycine intake decreases plasma free fatty acids, adipose cell size, and blood pressure in sucrose-fed rats

Effects of Collagen Peptide Ingestion on Blood Lipids in Rats Fed a High-Lipid and High-Sucrose Diet

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