Influence of different heat treatment methods of titania film on performance of DSSCs

All Room‐Temperature‐Processed Carbon‐Based Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with TiO2 Electron Collection Layer

“…The increase in force required for 100 nm indent confirms the improvement in interparticle bonding in the titania film. [ 45,46 ] Moreover, the force‐displacement curve of a few indents on as‐obtained TiO 2 film shows noticeable deviation suggesting nonuniform film deposition. The improved interparticle connection between titania nanoparticles can be attributed to the acetylacetonate group attached around titania, which creates Ti– O –Ti bonds around the titania nanoparticles and forms the chemically bounded network.…”

Conventional or Microwave Sintering: A Comprehensive Investigation to Achieve Efficient Clean Energy Harvesting

“…These studies were carried out for both conventional and microwave sintered samples by dipping them in 5 mL of 1N NaOH solution in water. The desorbed dye dissolved in 5 mL NaOH solution was subjected to UV-Vis spectrophotometer studies at a particular wavelength of 500 nm by taking 1 mL of dye solution in the cuvette for concentration evolution [11]. Evaluated concentrations are tabulated below and plotted, as shown in Figure 2f.…”

“…Most of the research community is concentrated on the conventional sintering procedure to obtain titania's porous films. The traditional sintering procedures result in a poor interconnection between the titania particles in the photoanode and non-uniformity in the porosity, which may vary from one device to another [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”