Influence of elements of biologization of cultivation of winter wheat on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition in conditions of South Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

The purpose. To study influence of biological preparations and their elements in biologization of cultivation of winter wheat after such predecessors, as bare fallow and winter mustard, and also productivity, quality of grain on different backgrounds of importation of basic mineral nutrition. Methods. General scientific: field experiments, laboratory (physicochemical parameters of grain), calculation-relative and mathematical (dispersing). Results. It is determined that at use in technique of growing winter wheat of some biological preparations on different backgrounds of basic mineral nutrition productivity raises on 0,08-0,25 t/hectare and quality of grain from the 5-th to 3-rd class treats to food one. Conclusions. On the basis of probes it is determined that for deriving stable high and quality yield under the basic cultivation of soil it is necessary to deposit complex fertilizers in doze NPK 32 , NPK 64 and to inoculate seed grain with biological preparations on the basis of nitrogenfixing, phosphate-mobilizing, potassium-mobilizing bacteria with the use of organomineral fertilizers, microelements on the basis of chelates, biostimulus, biofungicides, vitamins, amino acids, betaine, spores of mycelium of fungus Trichoderma lignorum, bacterial crop Bacillus subtilis. Use of elements of biologization of cultivation of winter wheat on the background of different predecessors and mineral nutrition for martempering productivity and quality of grain of winter grain crops in conditions of South Steppe of Ukraine is perspective.

Ecological and biological conformity of conditions of the brewing barley cultivation zone

“…High yields are formed on fertile, structured soils by loamy mechanical composition with a deep arable horizon on which it shows the best results not only in yield but also in grain quality. Fertile soils provide plants with a sufficient number of mineral nutrition elements (Baliuk et al, 2019;Sedilo et al, 2018;Uvarenko, 2018), moisture during the growing season, they have good physical and chemical properties, promote the development of a strong root system, normal air exchange, are characterized by the reaction of soil and soil solution, which is favorable for plants and microorganisms. As a result, soil fertility is determined by the optimum ability to ensure the effective development of plants throughout the growing season.…”

The influence of biologized fertilizer systems on the development of the main diseases of winter wheat and its productivity

“…Відомо, що добрива впливають на агроценоз пшениці озимої і є одним із важливих чинників, від яких залежить умови розвитку як рослин так і шкідливих організмів. Цей вплив проявляється в зміні мікроклімату в посіві, морфофізіологічних особливостях рослин, зміщенні фенологічних фаз їх розвитку, що створює умови для коливання в досить широкому діапазоні рівнів розвитку хвороб або чисельності шкідників (Kosylovych H. О., Zaiats P., 2009;Smetanko O. V. et al, 2018;Vozhehova R. A., Kryvenko A. I., 2018).…”

“…У сучасних умовах розвитку зерновиробництва особливої актуальності набуває комплексне використання мінеральних добрив на фоні соломи бобових як попередника пшениці озимої з новітніми елементами біологізації (гумусне добриво, хелатне добриво -ГД, ХД), інноваційні ріст стимулюючі препарати (БС) (Tsyhankova V. А. et al, 2013;Vozhehova R. A., Kryvenko A. І., 2018;Kryvenko А. І., 2016). Важливе значення має також розміщення пшениці озимої в сівозміні, від виду якої залежить величина врожаю та якість зерна (Smetanko O. V. et. al., 2018).…”

Regularities in the Development of Soil Biological Activity and Winter Wheat Productivity under Ecologised Fertiliser Systems

“…One of the most significant in terms of volumes, relatively cheap, and annually replenished resources of organic matter are by-products of plant origin. Among other things, they have the ability to maintain a sufficient level of fertility, in particular, the content of labile organic matter, the optimal intensity of biochemical processes in the soil (Smetanko et al, 2018;Starchevskyi & Starchevskyi, 2018).…”