Influence of Environmental Factors on the Fauna of the Blood-Sucking Horseflies (Diptera, Tabanidae)

Abstract

This article summarizes the available literature data and research materials on the dependence of blood-sucking horseflies (Diptera, Tabanidae) on various abiotic factors, such as: light, air temperature, wind and humidity. In recent years, research on the daily and seasonal activity of horseflies in various territories has significantly expanded. The blood-sucking Diptera "gnats" include Mosquitoes (Culicidae family), horseflies (Tabanidae family), black flies (Simuliidae family) and midges (Ceratopogonidae family). Favorable weather conditions contribute to the emergence of new breeding biotopes (various reservoirs and swamp formations) for the development and reproduction of horseflies and imago habitat, as well as provide for a sufficient number of warm-blooded animals a source of blood. The damage depends on the number of these insects and can adversely affect the health of farm animals and humans due to the transmission of infectious and invasive diseases.

Innovative Approaches for Ecological Monitoring Disease Outbreaks Carried by Horseflies (Diptera, Tabanidae): A Systematic Review

“…The harmful consequences of horseflies are aggravated by the fact that many of their species are carriers of pathogens of animal and human diseases (25 types of diseases) of infectious, parasitic, and viral origin: anthrax, tularemia, leptospirosis; anaplasmosis, infectious anemia of horses, necrobacteriosis of reindeer, besnoitia in cattle; setariosis; emphysematous carbuncle, polio, trypanosomiasis, su-aura, hemosporidiosis and many more 1,2 .…”