Influence of feeding level and dietary oil supplementation on apparent ileal and total tract digestibilities of phosphorus and calcium in pigs fed low-phosphorus diets supplemented with microbial or wheat phytase

Abstract

Steiner, T., Mosenthin, R. and Greiner, R. 2006. Influence of feeding level and dietary oil supplementation on apparent ileal and total tract digestibilities of phosphorus and calcium in pigs fed low-phosphorus diets supplemented with microbial or wheat phytase. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86: [479][480][481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488]. Two experiments were conducted with pigs fitted with simple T-cannulas at the distal ileum to evaluate the effect of energy (ME) intake implemented by variation of feeding level (FL) (exp. 1) or dietary plant oil content (exp. 2), on apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibilities (ATTD) of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca), including measurements of lower myo-inositol phosphates at the ileal and fecal level. In exp. 1, 14 barrows (BW 7.3 kg) were fed one of two low-P corn-soybean meal diets providing either 600 U kg -1 microbial (Natuphos ® 5000 G) or native wheat phytase at two FL (2.0 vs. 2.8 × ME maintenance requirement) according to a two-period cross-over design. The AID and ATTD of P and Ca were higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed microbial phytase compared with wheat phytase. Furthermore, the recoveries of lower myo-inositol phosphates in the feces, but not in the ileal digesta, were higher (P < 0.05) when microbial instead of wheat phytase was added to the diet. Increasing the feed intake improved (P < 0.05) overall AID and ATTD of P, independent of the origin of the supplemental phytase. Additionally, the increase in FL improved (P < 0.05) AID of P in pigs fed wheat phytase. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of FL on ileal or fecal recovery of myo-inositol phosphates. In exp. 2, eight barrows (BW 20.3 kg) were fed a low-P corn-soybean meal diet providing 600 U kg -1 microbial phytase (Natuphos ® 5000 G) supplemented without or with 6% plant oil according to a two-period cross-over design. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of oil supplementation on AID and ATTD of P or Ca. In conclusion, an increase in FL improves AID and ATTD of P in pigs fed diets supplemented with microbial or wheat phytase, while increasing energy density had no effect. Les auteurs ont effectué deux expériences sur des porcs dotés de canules en T simples à la partie distale de l'iléon afin d'évaluer l'incidence de la quantité d'énergie ingérée (EM), modulée par le taux d'alimentation (TA) (première expérience) ou la teneur de la ration en huile végétale (deuxième expéri-ence), sur la digestibilité apparente du phosphore (P) et du calcium (Ca) dans l'iléon (DAI) et dans le tube digestif (DATD). Les mesures incluaient la concentration de phosphates myo-inositol courts dans l'iléon et les fèces. Lors de la première expérience, on a donné à 14 castrats (poids corporel de 7,3 kg) une de deux rations à faible teneur en P et à base de maïs et de tourteau de soja contenant 600 U de phytase soit d'origine bactérienne (Natuphos ® 5000 G), soit extraite du blé à deux TA (2,0 c. 2,8 × EM requise pour l'entretien), dans un plan avec permutation à deux périodes. La DAI et la DATD du P et du Ca sont plus élevées (P < 0,05) c...

Effects of tallow, choice white grease, palm oil, corn oil, or soybean oil on apparent total tract digestibility of minerals in diets fed to growing pigs1

“…However, the values for ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract and ether extract were almost identical, further indicating that complexes between Ca and fat were not excreted in the feces. These results are also in agreement with observations indicating that there is no influence on the digestibility of Ca by addition of fat to conventional diets fed to pigs (Steiner et al, 2006;González-Vega et al, 2015). However, data from humans have indicated that increasing the concentrations of dietary Ca may result in formation of insoluble complexes between Ca and fat, leading to excretion of Ca and fat in the feces, which may result in weight loss (Davies et al, 2000;Zemel et al, 2000;2002;Zemel, 2001;Heaney, 2003;Lorenzen et al, 2007;Bendsen et al, 2008).…”

“…Supplementation of soybean oil to diets fed to pigs does not influence the digestibility of Ca and P (Steiner et al, 2006;González-Vega et al, 2015). In contrast, in humans, increasing dietary Ca intake reduces the digestibility of fat (Bendsen et al, 2008), and elevated levels of dietary Ca and vitamin D may increase the loss of energy by fecal excretion of indigestible com-plexes between Ca and fat (Soares et al, 2012).…”

The level of feed intake does not influence digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in diets fed to gestating sows, but gestating sows have reduced digestibility of calcium and phosphorus compared with growing gilts

“…The observation that the ATTD of Ca and P is not affected by the level of feed intake agrees with results for growing pigs indicating that the ATTD of Ca and P was not different between pigs fed 2.3 and pigs fed 2.8 times the requirement for maintenance (Mroz et al 1994). However, an increase in the ATTD of P as the level of feed intake by growing pigs increased has also been reported (Steiner et al 2006). It is not clear why level of feed intake appears to have no effect on the ATTD of Ca and P in sows, but it is possible that the different requirements between sows and growing pigs and the differences in stored Ca and P in the body between the two groups of animals are responsible for these differences.…”