Influence of fillers on free volume and gas barrier properties in styrene-butadiene rubber studied by positrons

Recent Developments in the Permeability of Polymer Clay Nanocomposites

“…Similar results were obtained in SBR/rectorite nanocomposite where Eq. 20.72 holds mainly for FFV > 3.33 % [47]. This suggests that when the FFV is relatively high, it overcomes the influence of the tortuosity factor, and the diffusion coefficient will be determined by the free volume variations.…”

“…The interfacial adhesion between the two compatibilized components leads to the formation of an interfacial layer, which is helpful for the stress transfer between the nanoparticles and the matrix. These regions, however, may contribute to the enhancement of the overall free volume, especially when the interaction is weak [46,47]. Interstitial cavities in the filler agglomerates: In the case that the exfoliation is not complete, there will be stacks of nanolayers (intercalated morphology) inside the polymer.…”

Rubber‐Clay Nanocomposites

“…This approach was applied for blending Mt in rubbers such as NR [28,29], SBR [28][29][30][31][32], NBR [28,29,33], XNBR [29]. Moreover, bentonite was blended with SBR [34][35][36][37] and SVBR (V = vinylpiridine) [34,35] and rectorite was blended in SBR [38,39]. Different electrolytes were used: triethylenetetrammonium chloride (2% wt solution) [29,38,39], diluted sulphuric acid solution [28,[30][31][32]36], 1% calcium chloride aqueous solution [32], dilute hydrochloric acid solution [34,35,37], dilute dichloroacetic acid solution [33].…”

“…Moreover, bentonite was blended with SBR [34][35][36][37] and SVBR (V = vinylpiridine) [34,35] and rectorite was blended in SBR [38,39]. Different electrolytes were used: triethylenetetrammonium chloride (2% wt solution) [29,38,39], diluted sulphuric acid solution [28,[30][31][32]36], 1% calcium chloride aqueous solution [32], dilute hydrochloric acid solution [34,35,37], dilute dichloroacetic acid solution [33]. A scheme for blending a pristine clay with a rubber latex, as reported by Zhang, is shown in Figure 4.…”

Reinforcement of dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP elastomers using organoclay fillers

“…The exfoliated structure is characterized by the complete delamination of clay particles, and individual silicate layers are dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. The dispersion of such layers substantially enhances mechanical and thermal properties, water absorption, flame retardancy and gas barrier properties beyond those of neat polymer matrix [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”