Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

Zander, JoAnn E.; King, Phyllis M.; Ezenwa, B.N.

doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2004.04.014

Cited by 57 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The discomfort rating associated with various body parts may depend on several variables such as height, weight, age, and job tenure [7,12]. These (the variables) stressed that human anthropometry would also influence the discomfort severity level as experienced by the human operators who were exposed to prolonged standing work.…”

Section: Effect Resulting From Prolonged Standingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly in the lower limb muscles (leg and thighs), lower back and feet [8]. In addition, constrained standing work conditions such as prolonged standing work or static working posture may also cause the formation of leg edema due to muscle fatigue and discomfort [6,11,12].…”

Section: Effect Resulting From Prolonged Standingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Julia and Zawiah, and King found that the level of stress and fatigue resulting from standing working posture could be reduced with the use of padding over the floor such as utilizing carpets, cushioned mats or so called "anti-fatigue" mats or even card board especially in the lower extremities of the body such as the lower leg and foot [7,11,12]. Soft mat generally reduces worker perceived discomfort during prolonged standing in comparison with those human operators standing on a hard floor; and prolonged standing on a mat was always more comfortable than standing on the hard floor whether barefooted or wearing shoes [6].…”

Section: Anti-fatigue Matmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regards to prolonged standing exposure, ergonomic interventions were widely used to handle standing fatigue as well as to improve human operator's health. Among the most common ergonomics interventions being utilized with respect to prolonged standing were varying the floor conditions such as installing anti-fatigue mat and using shoe in-soles [6,7,8,12].…”

Section: Review On Ergonomics Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this study concluded that performing a task in the prolonged standing working posture would reduce muscle strength due to the need to endure continuous muscle exertion. Nevertheless, it were revealed that age and job tenure only have small negative relations between lower leg volumes while exposed to three different flooring conditions [7,12]. Zander et al, found that the increment of lower leg volume was proportional to the individual's weight in a test where the subjects were assessed in three standing surface conditions comprising of wooden block floor, anti-fatigue mat and shoe in-soles for an 8 hours shift [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Studies Concerning Prolonged Standing Working Posture

Noor

Ahmad

Wahab

et al. 2013

AEF

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Abstract. Standing is one of the most preferred working postures in the manufacturing field as it provides a large degree of physical freedom and mobility to the human operators. In addition, the cognitive perceptions of the increase in work effectiveness and productivity rate among the human operators are the reasons this working posture is practiced. However, to stand erect for a long period of time or otherwise known as Prolonged Standing often leads to physiological discomfort, fatigue and even health issues such as Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). The aim of this paper is to review on the effects resulting from Prolonged Standing and disseminates the information on the ergonomic interventions to relieve standing fatigue. Selected journals and research papers related to Prolonged Standing were reviewed and the findings showed that varying the floor conditions such as installing anti-fatigue mat and using shoes with soles would help in relieving discomfort associated with the cumulative effects of Prolonged Standing. Nevertheless, further research is needed to truly quantify the effectiveness of these suggested ergonomics interventions in real world implementations such as in the manufacturing industry.

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Section: Effect Resulting From Prolonged Standingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Resulting From Prolonged Standingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anti-fatigue Matmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review On Ergonomics Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Studies Concerning Prolonged Standing Working Posture

Noor

Ahmad

Wahab

et al. 2013

AEF

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Calf massager: Intervention for body muscle discomfort during prolonged standing

Ramalingam

Karuppiah

Ramaiya

et al. 2019

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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Many occupations require workers to stand for long periods of time without proper interventions, which causes discomfort in the back and lower limbs. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness in alleviating body muscle discomfort during prolonged standing through the use of a calf massager. This study was conducted among male workers at a manufacturer with production line workers and the list was obtained from the HR Department and simple random sampling was done by number categorization. A total of 100 respondents (50 respondents for both the control and the experimental groups) participated in this study. The experiment took place in a room with a similar setup for the production line. Each respondent was requested to perform the simulated task for 2 hr. For the experimental group, the calf massager was turned on every 15 min. At every 15‐min interval after turning on the calf massager, respondents from both groups were required to evaluate their discomfort level on a Borg's scale CR‐10 questionnaire. The results showed that the level of body discomfort among respondents in the experimental group reduced (20–30%) compared with that of the control group. Multivariate analysis results revealed that the discomfort rating for the lower back, knees, thighs, calves, and feet was significantly lower (p < .05) among the experimental group compared with the control group. For lower body parts, the lower back region was statistically significant (p < .05) at the 90th, 105th, and 120th min; the thigh region was statistically significant (p < .05) at the 120th min; the knee region was statistically significant (p < .05) at the 105th and 120th min; the calf region was statistically significant (p < .05) at all minute intervals except the 15th and 45th min, while the feet region, was statistically significant at the 105th and 120th min. Therefore, this study indicates that calf massage treatment is capable of reducing body muscle discomfort during prolonged standing and highlights the significance of calf massage.

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Investigating the effect of custom‐made insoles and exercises on lower limb and back discomfort in assembly‐line workers in a rubber tire factory: A randomized controlled trial

Mousavi

Zamanian

Hadadi

et al. 2019

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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Many occupations require standing for prolonged periods, which can be a major contributor to musculoskeletal problems and cause disturbances in different parts of the body, especially the lower back and lower extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of custom‐made insoles and exercise training on the lower limb and lower back discomfort in workers on a production line at a rubber tire factory. One hundred male workers (mean age 35.96 years, work experience of 10.62 years, standing time 6.58 hr) participated in this randomized controlled trial. The men were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (a) custom‐made insole plus lower limb exercises, (b) insoles only, (c) lower limb exercises only, and (d) no intervention. Discomfort level was recorded with a visual analog scale and a body map. The data were analyzed with analysis of covariance. The results showed a significant difference in discomfort levels between groups in the lower back (p = .001), thigh (p = .001), and knee (p = .001) areas. The combined insole and exercise group had less discomfort in the lower back, thigh, and knee. In the group that used the insole only without exercises, the discomfort level in the lower back area was reduced. The results indicate that the simultaneous use of insoles and exercises might be an effective intervention to reduce discomfort in the lower limbs and lower back in workers who remain standing for prolonged periods.

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Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

Cited by 57 publications

References 33 publications

A Review of Studies Concerning Prolonged Standing Working Posture

A Review of Studies Concerning Prolonged Standing Working Posture

Calf massager: Intervention for body muscle discomfort during prolonged standing

Investigating the effect of custom‐made insoles and exercises on lower limb and back discomfort in assembly‐line workers in a rubber tire factory: A randomized controlled trial

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