Influence of Graphene Nano Particles and Antioxidants with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel and Diesel Blends on Engine Performance and Emissions

Abstract

The main reason for the limited usage of biodiesel is it tends to oxidize when exposed to air. It is anticipated that the addition of an antioxidant along with graphene nano particle improves combustion of diesel-biodiesel blend. In the present research biodiesel made from the transesterification of waste cooking oil is used. Three synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2(3)-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) along with 30 ppm of graphene nano particle were added at a volume fraction of 1000 ppm to diesel–biodiesel blends (B20). The performance and emission tests were performed at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. Because of the inclusion of graphene nano particles, surface area to the volume ratio of the fuel is augmented enhancing the mixing ability and chemical responsiveness of the fuel during burning causing superior performance, combustion and emission aspects of compression ignition engine. The results revealed that there was a slight increase in brake power and brake thermal efficiency of about 0.29%, 0.585%, 0.58% and 6.22%, 3.11%, 3.31% for B20GrBHT10000, B20GrBHA1000 and B20GrTBHQ1000, respectively, compared to B20. Additionally, BSFC, HC and NOx emissions were reduced to considerable levels for the reformed fuel.

An Experimental Study of ZrO2‐CeO2 Hybrid Nanofluid and Response Surface Methodology for the Prediction of Heat Transfer Performance: The New Correlations

“…R-squared" values 0.9801 and 0.9996, respectively, is almost good with each other. "Adequate precision" is described as the ratio of signal and noise factors that should be greater than 4 [68][69][70][71][72]. According to Table 2, the ratio of both models is 203.273 and 34.722, indicating satisfactory signals.…”

Experimental Testing of Combustion Parameters and Emissions of Waste Motor Oil and Its Diesel Mixtures

“…WMO and its diesel fuel mixtures were well mixed to give a homogeneous stable mixture. Prior to combustion, samples of various fuel mixtures were held in an open-air atmosphere (2). Mass consumption of fuel was measured directly by a scale (1).…”

“…There is insufficient data in the literature on the feasibility of using WMO and its blends with diesel as fuel in a higher-power heat generator. Recently, many researchers have been exploring the possibility of using waste cooking oil and waste transformer oils as an alternative fuel for diesel engines [2][3][4]. The studies were performed on a single cylinder four-stroke 4.4 kW and 5.7 kW maximum cylinder pressure of about 8.6 × 10 6 Pa [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Effect of Producer Gas from Redgram Stalk and Combustion Chamber Types on the Emission and Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine

“…These reactions happen in the gaseous phase and compete with the energy discharge during the oxidation process of the HC [55]. The use of the modified CC, biodiesel-producer gas combination reduces the soot formation considerably [56][57][58][59][60]. For the operation with HOME-PG, the smoke levels with HCC, LSCC, DSCC, and TRCC were 56.6, 46.5, 45, and 31.3 HSU compared to 27.5 HSU for operation with diesel-PG and HCC.…”