“…In line with the contemporary literature, the findings affirm that South Africa's destination marketing efforts directly and positively influence the travel motives of tourists (Avraham and Ketter, 2017; Khan, 2021; Lee, 2021a; Tessler et al , 2020), more-so nature and cultural experience-oriented international tourists (Gaffar et al , 2022). Furthermore, the findings corroborate the literature on the influence of destination marketing on how the citizens of tourism destinations are perceived (Hemmonsbey and Tichaawa, 2021; Tessler et al , 2020; Winter, 2009), as well as the extent to which governance (Wiysonge et al , 2022) immigration policy (Matiza and Slabbert, 2020) and negative events (Khan, 2021; Rasoolimanesh et al , 2021a; Wike et al , 2020) impact on the decision-making process of tourists via information symmetry (Batista-Sánchez et al , 2022). Thus, the findings generally align with the notion of a symbiotic relationship between increased cognition and affective association (Gaffar et al , 2022; Nandonde, 2015).…”