Influence of late planting on light interception, radiation use efficiency and biomass production of four sweet sorghum cultivars

Nossa hipótese é que o sorgo forrageiro modifica seu crescimento e filocrono quando é submetido a diferentes manejos de corte. Nosso objetivo é avaliar se diferentes manejos de corte modificam o crescimento e filocrono do sorgo forrageiro. Um experimento de campo foi conduzido e submeteu o sorgo forrageiro a diferentes manejos de corte: sem corte, 1 corte, 2 cortes, 3 cortes e 4 cortes. Foram avaliadas as condições ambientais durante o ciclo da cultura, as taxas de crescimento da cultura, a distribuição dos fotoassimilados e o filocrono. A temperatura influenciou o crescimento e o desenvolvimento da cultura. Os fotoassimilados foram alocados de acordo com a necessidade da cultura, determinada pelo seu estádio de desenvolvimento. Plantas que não sofreram cortes tenderam, em geral, reduzir as taxas ao longo do tempo, devido ao desenvolvimento fisiológico. Enquanto que as plantas que foram cortadas, tiveram seu ciclo prolongado, pelo rebrote, e algumas taxas diminuíram após cada corte, pela remoção do material vegetal, como por exemplo, a taxa de crescimento absoluto, a taxa de assimilação líquida, a razão de área foliar e a razão de peso foliar. Aumentos no filocrono foram observados com o aumento no número de cortes.

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“…The crop was favored by high temperature weather conditions. This result corroborates with Houx and Fritschi (2015) and Martins et al (2016).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…From the data collection, it was possible to calculate the daily thermal sum (STd): STd = (Tmean-Tb).1 day where: Tmean = mean air temperature, calculated by the average of the 24 instantaneous temperature values marked during the day; Tb = culture base temperature, 10°C (Houx and Fritschi 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O manejo de cortes modifica o filocrono, o crescimento e a produção do sorgo forrageiro sob ambiente de temperatura amena

et al. 2019

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“…S weet sorghum is a biofuel crop of interest in the U.S. Midwest. Sorghum can be grown across most latitudes of the United States and is already known for its high water use efficiency and drought tolerance (Geng et al, 1989; Propheter et al, 2010; Wang et al, 2014), high radiation use efficiency (Houx and Fritschi, 2015), and flood tolerance (Houx et al, 2013; Promkhambut et al, 2011). It is a high‐yielding C 4 annual grass that can produce large amounts of stem juice sugars and lignocellulosic biomass when grown in the Midwest (Holou and Stevens, 2011; Houx and Fritschi, 2013; Maw et al, 2016, 2017a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Content and Use Efficiency of Sweet Sorghum Grown in the Lower Midwest

2019

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Optimizing N fertilizer inputs is imperative for improving sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yields and biofuel feedstock system efficiency. A 2‐yr study was conducted to determine the physiological N‐use efficiency (NUE) response in sweet sorghum's ethanol yield of stem juice, bagasse, and total ethanol yield (TEY). Two sweet sorghum cultivars (‘Dale’ and ‘Top 76–6’) were fertilized at five N fertilizer rates (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg ha−1). At harvest, the stem juice and bagasse yields were measured then analyzed for the corresponding N concentrations and N contents. Whole‐plant N recovery efficiency ranged from −1.5 to 57.6% across both years, with a significant N rate effect only in one study year. The NUE of juice ethanol yield only demonstrated an N response in the second year, whereas the NUE of lignocellulosic ethanol yield was greatest at the 56 kg ha−1 fertilizer rate each year. The NUE of total theoretical ethanol yield, determined as the sum of juice and bagasse conversion to ethanol, averaged 169 L EtOH kg−1 N across both years and was greatest at the 56 kg N ha−1 fertilizer rate in both years, and decreased at N rates exceeding 56 kg ha−1 in only one of the years. This study revealed that although sweet sorghum ethanol yields increased with N fertilizer application, NUE was greatest with low N fertilizer rates, consistent with previous research indicating that sweet sorghum is an appropriate biofuel feedstock for production in low‐input systems or on marginal lands. Core Ideas Nitrogen recovery and use efficiencies of sweet sorghum juice and bagasse were measured for two years in Missouri. Nitrogen recovery efficiency was greatest in one study year when 224 kg N ha−1 was applied, with no differences in recovery in the second year. The N use efficiency of estimated total ethanol yield was greatest at 56 kg N ha−1.

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“…Robinson found that the leaf elongation rate and the number of leaf cells determine the leaf size, thus affecting iPAR [34]. Houx found that biomass accumulation was closely related to iPAR [35]. Plants will produce shade avoidance responses when they perceive a shaded environment, which leads to an increase of the plant height [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Spatial-Temporal Light Competition on Cotton Yield and Yield Distribution

et al. 2021

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The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of crop canopy is highly related to yield formation, but how it relates to yield and yield distribution is not well understood. The focus of this study was to explore the relationship between light competition under different densities and yield distributions of cotton. The experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Anyang city, Henan Province, China. A randomized block design was employed, with a total of three repeats. Each repeat had six density treatments: D1: 15,000; D2: 33,000; D3: 51,000; D4: 69,000; D5: 87,000; and D6: 105,000 plants·ha−1. As predicted, the results showed that the canopy light interception, leaf area index, plant height, and biomass of high-density cotton were higher than those of low-density cotton. The aboveground biomass produced by D6 was the highest, and was 12.9, 19.5, 25.4, 46.3, and 69.2% higher in 2019 and 14.3, 19.9, 32.5, 53.7, and 109.9% higher in 2020 than D5, D4, D3, D2, and D1, respectively. Leaf area, plant height, biomass, boll number, and boll weight were significantly correlated with the light interception rate. D5 (87,000 plants·ha−1) had a higher light interception rate and the highest yield. The highest lint yields produced by D5 were 1673.5 and 1375.4 kg·ha−1 in two years, and was 3.2, 4.3, 5.6, 9.7, and 24.7% higher in 2019, and 6.8, 10.6, 13.5, 21.5, and 34.4% higher in 2020 than D6, D4, D3, D2, and D1, respectively. The boll retention of the lower fruit branch under D5 reached 0.51 and 0.57 in two years, respectively. The shedding rate of the upper fruit branch decreased with the increase in cotton density in two years. The boll retention rate and shedding rate in the lower part of cotton plants were most closely related to light interception, with R2 values of 0.91 and 0.96, respectively. Our study shows cotton yield could be improved through higher light interception by optimizing planting density and canopy structure.

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Influence of late planting on light interception, radiation use efficiency and biomass production of four sweet sorghum cultivars

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

O manejo de cortes modifica o filocrono, o crescimento e a produção do sorgo forrageiro sob ambiente de temperatura amena

O manejo de cortes modifica o filocrono, o crescimento e a produção do sorgo forrageiro sob ambiente de temperatura amena

Nitrogen Content and Use Efficiency of Sweet Sorghum Grown in the Lower Midwest

Effect of Spatial-Temporal Light Competition on Cotton Yield and Yield Distribution

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