Influence of long-term intervention with dietary counseling, long-chain n−3 fatty acid supplements, or both on circulating markers of endothelial activation in men with long-standing hyperlipidemia

Abstract

Each intervention (dietary counseling or n-3 PUFA supplements) reduced sTM and sICAM-1 concentrations, indicating decreased endothelial activation. The tPAag increase in the groups not receiving dietary counseling (pooled), which indicates progression of atherosclerosis, was significantly counteracted by dietary counseling.

The effect of increased dietary fruit and vegetable consumption on endothelial activation, inflammation and oxidative stress in hypertensive volunteers

“…Similar results have been reported for a 5 week soy-diet intervention in renal transplant patients [30]. While trials designed to produce weight loss describe associated reductions in plasma PAI-1 concentrations [31,32], more specific dietary interventions (for example, with fatty acids or Mediterranean diet) have generally failed to alter either fibrinolytic parameters or circulating vWF levels [33,34]. When 112 volunteers at increased cardiovascular risk were randomised to a low-fat or Mediterranean diet for 3 months, significantly reduced concentrations of plasma sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were observed in the latter group [35].…”

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

“…Hence, based on our results, we cannot attribute a beneficial effect to ALA or the marine fatty acids with regard to markers of endothelial integrity in healthy elderly. We do not think that the amount of ingested EPA/DHA in the present study was too low to induce an effect on endothelial markers, as other studies showed beneficial effects after low to moderate intakes of n-3 fish fatty acids Thies et al, 2001;Baro et al, 2003;Berstad et al, 2003;Hjerkinn et al, 2005). Our study duration was however shorter than those of other studies, which may have masked any beneficial effects of EPA/DHA on these endothelial markers.…”

n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Actions and molecular mechanisms

“…Patients with manifest or future CVD have an elevated serum concentration of these inflammatory markers [55,56]. EPA and DHA supplementation in human studies decrease sCAMs [48,49] and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα [50]. Thus, these findings suggest that anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 FA will be important contributors to their effects in CVD.…”

“…The biological effects of n-3 FA on atherosclerosis include preventing arrhythmias [8,12,[19][20][21][22][23][24], decreasing platelet aggregation [27][28][29], lowering plasma triglycerides [30][31][32][33][34][35], increasing HDL cholesterol and LDL particle size [36][37][38][39][40], decreasing blood pressure [42][43][44][45], reversing cholesterol accumulation from atheromatous plaques [46,47] and decreasing inflammation [48][49][50].…”