n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Actions and molecular mechanisms

Torrejón, Claudia; Jung, Un Ju; Deckelbaum, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2007.10.014

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Also, in animal models, n3 PUFA supplementation has been shown to enhance ( 72 ) or prevent the reduction in ERG a-and b-wave amplitudes after transient ischemia ( 73,74 ). Dietary n3 PUFAs have also been shown to be effective in suppressing infl ammation and in reducing the incidence of arteriosclerosis and heart failure by lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure ( 75,76 ). Thus, we evaluated which of the LC-PUFAs are metabolically active precursors for the synthesis of VLC-PUFA using cell cultures as a fi rst step to eventually determine whether dietary supplementation of these FAs could provide benefi cial effects to STGD3 patients, as has been shown for AMD patients in some of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) studies ( 37,39 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates 20:5n3 to very long chain PUFAs over 20:4n6 and 22:6n3

Benham

Logan

et al. 2012

Journal of Lipid Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates 20:5n3 to very long chain PUFAs over 20:4n6 and 22:6n3

Benham

Logan

et al. 2012

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…Fish are the primary source in the human diet of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty 51 acids (LC-PUFA), which have been demonstrated to promote cardiovascular health and 52 immune function, and protect against neurological and inflammatory conditions 53 (Calder, 2007;Calon and Cole, 2007;Torrejon et al, 2007). With aquaculture 54 increasing its contribution to the overall supply of fish in the human food basket (FAO,55 2009), considerable efforts have been made to elucidate the biochemical and molecular 56 mechanisms controlling the biosynthesis of LC-PUFA in fish (Tocher, 2003).…”

Section: Introduction 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine fish: Characterization of an Elovl4-like elongase from cobia Rachycentron canadum and activation of the pathway during early life stages

et al. 2011

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Marine fish, unlike freshwater species, have been generally considered to have a limited ability to biosynthesize long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) from C18 precursors due to apparent limited enzymatic activities involved in the pathway. Although LC-PUFA play important physiological roles throughout the entire life cycle, requirements for early life stages are especially high and provision of preformed LC-PUFA in egg lipids appears critical to support the formation of developing tissues where these compounds accumulate. No studies, however, have been conducted to explore the capability of marine fish embryos (here referring to life stages from zygote to the oesophagus opening) for de novo synthesis of the LC-PUFA required for normal growth and development. The present study aimed to investigate the activation of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway during embryogenesis of the marine teleost cobia (Rachycentron canadum). First, a fatty acyl elongase with sequence similarity to mammalian elongase of very long-chain fatty acids 4 (Elovl4) was isolated, and its biochemical function characterized showing that it catalyzed the production of very long-chain fatty acids (VLC-FA) including both saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids with chain lenghts ≥ 24 carbons. Notably, cobia Elovl4 was able to elongate 22:5n-3 to 24:5n-3 and thus could play a key role in the biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), a critical fatty acid in neural tissues. Subsequently, the fatty acid dynamics of embryos at different developmental stages and the temporal expression patterns of target genes including elovl4, and the formerly characterized elovl5 elongase and ∆6 fatty acyl desaturase, were analyzed in order to elucidate the overall activation of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway in cobia embryos. Our results indicated that expression of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway in cobia embryos is initiated at 12-18 hours post-fertilization

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“…Clinical studies have demonstrated that the stability of atherosclerotic plaques could explain the reduction in non-fatal and fatal cardiovascular events associated with increased n-3 PUFA intake 13) . These effects might involve changes in triglyceride blood levels and lipoproteins leading to a less atherogenic profile by slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis 14) . Recently, it was demonstrated that fish oil reduced the expression of P-selectin and vascular and intracellular adhesion molecule (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1), which may explain the prevention of atherosclerosis development 15) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced U937 Cell Apoptosis

Nowak¹,

Tardivel²,

Sayegrih³

et al. 2011

JAT

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n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Actions and molecular mechanisms

Cited by 60 publications

References 105 publications

ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates 20:5n3 to very long chain PUFAs over 20:4n6 and 22:6n3

ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates 20:5n3 to very long chain PUFAs over 20:4n6 and 22:6n3

Biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine fish: Characterization of an Elovl4-like elongase from cobia Rachycentron canadum and activation of the pathway during early life stages

Impact of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced U937 Cell Apoptosis

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