Influence of Magnesium on the Absorption and Excretion of
Calcium and Oxalate Ions

Berg, W; Bothor, C; Pirlich, W; Janitzky, V.

doi:10.1159/000472635

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus the extract of H. hirsuta could have substances that dissolve pre‐existing stones, although an increase in urinary oxalate would then be expected in treated rats, which was not apparent. The fate of the excess of oxalate is uncertain; we suggest that magnesium, which was excreted in large amounts in the urine of treated rats, binds oxalate in the gut, reducing its intestinal absorption [21], although a role for substances in the plant extract cannot be excluded. Further study of the effect of H. hirsuta extract on the interaction of CaOx monohydrate crystals with renal epithelial cells in culture is needed to evaluate the mechanism by which crystal deposits were dissolved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis of calcium oxalate stones by Herniaria hirsuta on experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in rats

Atmani¹,

Slimani²,

Mimouni³

et al. 2003

BJU International

136

123

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decoction, while the others received 1 mL of water instead for 2 weeks. Urine samples (24 h) were collected individually at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days for physicochemical analysis. On completing the treatment the kidneys were collected and analysed by light microscopy. RESULTSThe water intake and diuresis decreased in the treated rats; there was no significant difference in urinary pH between the groups. Urinary chemistry was apparently unaffected by the plant extract, except for the magnesium content, which was higher in treated rats. Crystalluria was characterized by the excretion of large CaOx monohydrate and dihydrate crystals in untreated, but smaller crystals in treated rats. The histology showed large deposits of CaOx crystals in all parts of the kidney in untreated rats but with almost no deposits in those of treated rats. CONCLUSIONH. hirsuta has an impressive prophylactic effect on CaOx stones in nephrolithic rats; the effect did not seem to be mediated by biochemical or diuretic changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis of calcium oxalate stones by Herniaria hirsuta on experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in rats

Atmani¹,

Slimani²,

Mimouni³

et al. 2003

BJU International

136

123

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“…In conclusion, should future studies establish that the crystalline COD particles that were found in the substantia nigra cause PD, mitigation by long-known and inexpensive means of reducing COD-caused urolithiasis, such avoidance of hypomagnesemia, [84][85][86][87] could be considered. Should future studies establish that TiO2 particles cause PD, alternative white foods and medication colorants should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submicron Crystals of the Parkinson’s Disease Substantia nigra: Calcium Oxalate, Titanium Dioxide and Iron Oxide

Heller¹,

Coffman²

2019

Preprint

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Parkinson's disease (PD) results of the death of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. When activated, the NLRP3 inflammasome of phagocytes releases inflammatory agents, their release resulting in the death of proximal cells. The hallmark protein of PD, aggregated α-synuclein, is phagocytized and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Because crystalline particles are known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, to enhance α-synuclein expression and aggregation in dopaminergic neurons and because their facets may mis-template adsorbed α-synuclein, we probe here, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), four human PD substantia nigra specimens for their crystalline particles. Samples weighing 5 mg of PD stages 1, 2, 4 and 5 were processed by proteolysis and centrifugation. TEM-grids were dipped in the centrifugate diluted to 1 mL and the dried films were searched for crystalline particles. Two types of crystalline particles, known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome were found. Endogenous calcium oxalate, a downstream product of ascorbate and dopamine oxidation-produced hydrogen peroxide; and TiO2, the with pigment of foods and medications. The number-density of the NLRP-inflammasome activating crystalline particles found approached the reported about-equal number-densities of microglia and neuronal cells in the brain.The observations of COD and protein-coated TiO2 support two putative feedback loops, both leading to dopaminergic neuron death. In one, polymeric oxidized-dopamine catalyst accelerates H2O2-generation, the H2O2 indirectly oxidizing ascorbate in an ascorbate-fueled, oxalate-generating, loop the excess oxalate precipitating the subsequently inflammasome-activating COD crystals; In the second, protein-adsorbing facets of TiO2 mis-template the aggregation of α-synuclein to produce inflammasome-activating misfolded α-synuclein.

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“…The reduction of the absorption of the dietary oxalate ingested with the meals at noon and thereafter was of course less than the 40% reduction achieved with the simultaneously applied magnesium and oxalate ions. Applying a very-high-oxalate diet (three times daily 2.027 mg oxalate in 500 g spinach) to healthy volunteers, a signifi cant decrease (about 50%) of the oxalate excretion under simultaneous magnesium supplementation was observed [19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Magnesium in Absorption and Excretion of Oxalate

Zimmermann¹,

Voß²,

Unruh³

et al. 2005

Urol Int

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Introduction: Magnesium treatment for calcium oxalate urolithiasis is discussed controversially. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of magnesium supplementation on the oxalate absorption. Materials and Methods: The [¹³C₂]oxalate absorption test was always performed three times in 6 healthy volunteers under standardized conditions, with one 10-mmol magnesium supplement together with the labeled oxalate and with two 10-mmol magnesium supplements given in 12-hour intervals. Results: The mean intestinal oxalate absorption under standard conditions was 8.6 ± 2.83%. The oxalate absorption with one 10-mmol magnesium supplement was 5.2 ± 1.40% and with two supplements 5.5 ± 1.62%. Both decreases were statistically significant relative to the standard test, however, not significantly different from each other. Conclusions: The results show that magnesium administration decreases the oxalate absorption, when magnesium is taken together with oxalate. However, magnesium administration does not decrease the oxalate absorption, when magnesium and oxalate intake differ by 12 h.

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Influence of Magnesium on the Absorption and Excretion of Calcium and Oxalate Ions

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Prophylaxis of calcium oxalate stones by Herniaria hirsuta on experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in rats

Prophylaxis of calcium oxalate stones by Herniaria hirsuta on experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in rats

Submicron Crystals of the Parkinson’s Disease Substantia nigra: Calcium Oxalate, Titanium Dioxide and Iron Oxide

Importance of Magnesium in Absorption and Excretion of Oxalate

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