In this work, lithium-doped zinc
oxide nanoparticles (LZO NPs)
with different Li/Zn molar ratios (Li/Zn = 0, 0.05, 0.2) are successfully
prepared to form an electron transporting layer (cathode buffer layer)
in the inverted-type P3HT:ICBA organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices.
As compared with the undoped ZnO NPs buffer layer, a considerable
improvement OPVs from 2.344% to 2.946% is obtained by using 5%-LZO
NPs as a buffer layer, which owns J
sc of
7.22 mA/cm2, V
oc of 0.86 V,
and FF of 47.4%. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra
show the increase of unoccupied O 2p-derived states in 5%-LZO NPs,
which leads to better carrier conductance. The energy levels of defects
in 5%-LZO NPs analyzed by photoluminescence are found to facilitate
electron extraction to the cathode. Impedance measurement results
indicate that the carrier lifetime is effectively increased to 2176
μs by applying the 5%-LZO NPs buffer layer, showing the improvement
of carrier extraction efficiency and resulting in its progressive
performance.