Influence of Mn 2+ on the performance of Pb-Ag anodes in fluoride/chloride-containing H 2 SO 4 solutions

Zhong, Xiaocong; Wang, Ruixiang; Xu, Zhifeng; Jiang, Liangxing; Lv, Xiaojun; Lai, Yanqing; Li, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.10.014

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is well documented that manganese ions are electrochemically active on lead-based anodes and involved in the formation of the oxide layer. , Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests were performed on lead alloy anodes deposited with MnO 2 after 30 min polarization in DC, PC-100 Hz, PC-500 Hz, and PC-1000 Hz, respectively. In order to investigate the redox performance of manganese ions, Na 2 SO 4 and MnSO 4 solutions were selected for comparative study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Xie

Liu

Chang

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The electrochemical performances of deposited MnO2 on lead alloy anode by pulse current (PC) and direct current (DC) electrodeposition in manganese sulfate solution were investigated by performing measurements of galvanostatic polarization, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and Tafel tests. The composition and morphology of MnO2 were observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anode deposited with MnO2 layers by PC electrodeposition presented a lower anodic potential of 60 mV and more uniform potential oscillating attractor with fractal dimension of 1.0337 compared with those of DC electrodeposition. In addition, MnO2 layers exhibited excellent corrosion resistance because less intermediate oxide Mn(III) appeared in anode deposits. Furthermore, the cathodic current efficiency improved by 3.11∼3.77% and energy consumption decreased by 5.30∼8.17% after galvanostatic electrolysis for 2∼8 h by using PC instead of DC for manganese metal electrodeposition. As an external control method, PC electrodeposition not only regulated the structure and surface morphology of MnO2 but also affected the anode electrochemical behaviors and cathode manganese metal deposition. Electrochemical oscillations and other characteristics of anode reaction described in this study could inspire future work on promoting the whole electrowinning process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Xie

Liu

Chang

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…To promote the formation of a stable PbO 2 or Pb 2 MnO 4 layer, H 2 SO 4 -KF is used as the electrolyte or the sample is immersed in a H 2 SO 4 -KMnO 4 bath. 3,4 Finally, the glassy MnO 2 -β-PbO 2 precipitate has been found to be favorable for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), displaying progressive protective performance against Pb-based anode corrosion. 5 Mintek 6 found that sandblasting was beneficial for the formation of good PbO 2 layers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of F-Doped β-PbO₂Conductive Ceramic Layer on the Anodic Behavior of 3D Al/Sn Rod Pb−0.75%Ag for Zinc Electrowinning

Chen

Yan

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this study, a 3D Al/Sn rod Pb−0.75%Ag anode was prepared by continuous extrusion coating technique, and a conductive ceramic layer was formed by anodic oxidation in a fluoride-containing H 2 SO 4 solution. The phase composition and surface microstructure of the oxide layer were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), indicating the presence of F-doped β-PbO 2 ceramic layer. The electrocatalytic characteristics and electrochemical stability of the anodes were explored by cyclic voltammetry, anodic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the accelerated life test in the zinc electrolyte. It was found that the F-doped β-PbO 2 layer has good electrocatalytic activity and corrosion resistance. The fence-like 3D Al/Sn rod Pb−0.75%Ag/F-doped β-PbO 2 anode plate was continuously used in the zinc electrolyte for 15 days; in addition, it was found that compared to the traditional Pb-0.75%Ag anode plate, the ultimate tensile strength improved by about 31.45%, the average cell voltage decreased by 53 mV, and the output of zinc increased by 3.09%, confirming its feasibility in practical applications for zinc EW.

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“…Second, Zhong et al studied the effect of manganese ions on the lead anode in the zinc electrolysis process. 14 The results showed that the MnO 2 surface layer had higher catalytic activity for oxygen evolution and formed a laminated structure with PbSO 4 /PbO 2 . Xu et al found that the nucleation of manganese dioxide on the platinum electrode and lead anode was consistent with the three-dimensional continuous nucleation model.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…First, according to the research experience in lead–acid batteries, the surface of the lead anode will oxidize to PbO 2 when electrolyzed in sulfuric acid solution. Second, Zhong et al studied the effect of manganese ions on the lead anode in the zinc electrolysis process . The results showed that the MnO 2 surface layer had higher catalytic activity for oxygen evolution and formed a laminated structure with PbSO 4 /PbO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Reaction Mechanism of Lead Anodes in the Manganese Electrowinning Process

Luo

Guo

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The electrowinning process of metal manganese suffers from the generation of anode slime. The solution has been hampered by a lack of clarity in the reaction mechanism. In this work, the anodic process was investigated from three aspects. First, four time points were selected to study the self-oxidation of the lead anode; second, the electrochemical behavior of manganese ions was observed by in situ UV–Vis spectroscopy; and finally, the chemical states of oxidative products and their effects on oxygen evolution were analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Tafel curves. Results show that an oxide film is formed on the inner side by self-oxidation of the lead anode and the manganese dioxide in the system is produced by the hydrolysis of trivalent manganese ions. A lead matrix/lead sulfate/lead–manganese mixed layer/nano-manganese dioxide layer is gradually formed on the surface. As the electrolysis progresses, the oxygen evolution activity of the electrode gradually increases, but the anode film tends to fall off under the wash of oxygen. The final anode slime is formed by the mixture of hydrolysates in the solution and the falling anode film. This work is expected to lay a theoretical framework for the anodic research of electrolytic manganese.

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Influence of Mn 2+ on the performance of Pb-Ag anodes in fluoride/chloride-containing H 2 SO 4 solutions

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Influence of F-Doped β-PbO₂Conductive Ceramic Layer on the Anodic Behavior of 3D Al/Sn Rod Pb−0.75%Ag for Zinc Electrowinning

Revealing the Reaction Mechanism of Lead Anodes in the Manganese Electrowinning Process

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Influence of Mn 2+ on the performance of Pb-Ag anodes in fluoride/chloride-containing H 2 SO 4 solutions

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO2 on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO2 on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Influence of F-Doped β-PbO2Conductive Ceramic Layer on the Anodic Behavior of 3D Al/Sn Rod Pb−0.75%Ag for Zinc Electrowinning

Revealing the Reaction Mechanism of Lead Anodes in the Manganese Electrowinning Process

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Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Electrochemical Behaviors of MnO₂ on Lead Alloy Anode during Pulse Electrodeposition for Efficient Manganese Electrowinning

Influence of F-Doped β-PbO₂Conductive Ceramic Layer on the Anodic Behavior of 3D Al/Sn Rod Pb−0.75%Ag for Zinc Electrowinning