Influence of Mo on microstructure and nanoindentation hardness of Ti-Al-Si-xMo alloy processed by Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)

Abstract

In this work, the microstructure and nanoindentation hardness properties of Ti-Al-Si-xMo alloys produced through laser in-situ alloying using laser engineered net shaping (LENS) technology were investigated. The microstructures and phases present were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an electron dispersion spectrometer (EDS), while the mechanical properties were studied using a nanoindentation tester. The microstructures exhibited fine lamellar α2-Ti3Al/γ-TiAl colonies surrounded with ζ-Ti5Si3 and ordered β0-TiAl phase in the as-produced state; while after heat treatments coarse β0-phase was observed to be embedded within the lamellae colonies. Microstructural analysis showed that β0-phase precipitated not only at the α2/γ lamellae colony boundaries but also inside the lamellae owing to the relatively high content of the β0-phase present. Nanoindentation testing showed that the indentation hardness of this current alloy is comparable to most TiAl alloys. This study also reveals that Mo additions generally increase hardness values, but only minor effects on hardness are observed at 1400 oC heat treatment temperature. Thus, Mo additions for TiAl alloys demonstrate positive effects on mechanical properties when less than 5 at.% of the alloy composition but the mechanical properties would either reduce or remains unchanged with further increase in Mo.

Microstructural, microhardness and electrochemical properties of heat-treated LENS in-situ synthesized Ti–Al-x(Mo, Si) alloys

“…The processing parameters used for the fabricated samples are presented in Table 1 and a total of six alloys were developed for this study. This experimental procedure is similar to the work of Kanyane et al [ 49 ], Tlotleng and Pityana [ 50 ], Raji et al [ [51] , [52] , [53] ]. The alloys were produced at 10.58 mm/s scan speed, 450 W laser power and a center purge of 25 l/min.…”

“…Based on studies that are now available [ [50] , [51] , [52] , 61 , 62 ], LENS process rapid cooling rate prevents the eutectic reaction from occurring, and α → α + γ → α 2 + γ. Specifically, the α 2 phase is produced by the methodical transformation of α to α 2 instead of α → α 2 + γ eutectic reaction.…”