Influence of niobium substitution on structural and opto-electrical properties of BNKT piezoelectric ceramics

Structural and morphological studies, and temperature/frequency dependence of electrical conductivity of Ba0.97La0.02Ti1−xNb4x/5O3 perovskite ceramics

“…5, indicative of enlargement of the unit cell with Nb doping. Further, the quantitative analysis of the experimental XRD data was carried out by employing the Rietveld renement technique using the least-squares subtraction of a standard computer program package "FullProf soware", 30 and the tting parameters are given in Table 2. The incorporation of Nb into BLT induces a reduction in the unit cell volume Nb concentration, which indicates the increase of the average radius of site B (r Nb 5+ ¼ 0.64 A and r Ti 4+ ¼ 0.605 A).…”

Structure and Electrical Properties of BNKT-Based Ceramics

“…The peaks in the range 200-350 cm -1 are associated with B-site vibrations, which are due to Ti-O and Nb-O vibration. The peaks in the range 450-650 cm -1 and above have been attributed to stretching vibrations of TiO 6 and NbO 6 octahedral clusters; specially known as bending and stretching modes of oxygen octahedral [14].…”

Enhanced electrical properties of BNKT–BMN lead-free ceramics by CaSnO3 doping and their bioactive properties

“…Based on the reports from previous studies, the rst mode observed between 100 and 150 cm −1 is related to the vibration of A-site cations in the perovskite structure, inuenced by A-site doping. 45,46 The peak around 270 cm −1 is associated with Ti-O vibrations at the B-site. 46 The peak at 450-620 cm −1 can be related to the vibration of TiO 6 octahedra mode.…”