Influence of non-cellulose structural carbohydrate composition on plant material decomposition in soil

Gunnarsson, Sophie; Marstorp, Håkan; Dahlin, A. Sigrun; Witter, Ernst

doi:10.1007/s00374-008-0303-5

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The high soil CO 2 -C emission contributes to the reduction of sugars, while the lignin percentage concomitantly increases (Aneja et al 2006) the decomposition of starch and proteins as well as some carbohydrates that start at a lower rate (Gunnarsson et al 2008), among them the C and N present in the compounds of fructans. Another important aspect to note is that, in general, with the addition of the residue, CO 2 -C emissions show a monotonic decrease over time, some more pronounced than others, which is characteristic of a behavior induced by the carbon availability of the organic matter in the labile fraction added in the beginning of the experiment (t = 0) (Scala et al 2008).…”

Section: Effect Of Residue Incubation Time On the Co 2 -C Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because with the decomposition and mineralization of soybean residue, there is N release into soil and to microorganisms (Siczek and Lipiec 2011), increasing the biological activity due to the essential nature of N for the development of microorganisms, associated to the synthesis of compounds such as amino acids and enzymes (Stevenson 1994). This increases the concentrations of free sugars, starches, and pectins compared to grasses (Gunnarsson et al 2008). …”

Section: Effect Of Quantity and Quality Of The Residue Added To The Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials differ in chemical composition, specifically regarding free sugars, fructans, starch, pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose (Gunnarsson et al 2008), and lignin (Trinsoutrot et al 2000;Wang et al 2004), besides the N content and their C/N ratio (Trinsoutrot et al 2000;Moritsuka et al 2004;Six et al 2006;Dorodnikov et al 2011), leading to different decomposition times. The material quality is one of the most important parameters in nutrient dynamics in agricultural soils (Lal 2004), besides the amounts added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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For how long does the quality and quantity of residues in the soil affect the carbon compartments and CO2-C emissions?

et al. 2016

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Purpose The mineralization/immobilization of nutrients from the crop residues is correlated with the quality of the plant material and carbon compartments in the recalcitrant and labile soil fractions. The objective of this study was to correlate the quality and quantity of crop residues incubated in the soil with carbon compartments and CO 2 -C emission, using multivariate analysis. Materials and methods The experiment was conducted in factorial 4 + 2 + 5 with three replicates, referring to three types of residues (control, sugarcane, Brachiaria, and soybean), and two contributions of the crop residues in constant rate, CR (10 Mg ha −1 residue), and agronomic rate, AR (20, 8, and 5 Mg ha −1 residue, respectively, for sugarcane, soybean, and Brachiaria), evaluated five times (1, 3, 6, 12, and 48 days after incubation). At each time, we determined the CO 2 -C emission, nitrogen and organic carbon in the soil, and the residues. In addition, the microbial biomass and water-soluble, labile, and humic substance carbons fractionated into fulvic acids, humic acids and humin were quantified.Results and discussion Higher CO 2 -C emissions occurred in the soil with added residue ranging from 0.5 to 1.1 g CO 2 -C m −2 h −1 in the first 6 days of incubation, and there was a positive correlation with the less labile organic soil fractions as well as residue type. In the final period, after 12 days of soil incubation, there was a higher relation of CO 2 -C emission with carbon humin. The sugarcane and soybean residue (20 Mg ha −1 ) promoted higher CO 2 -C emission and the reduction of carbon residue. The addition of residue contributed to an 82.32 % increase in the emission of CO 2 -C, being more significant in the residue with higher nitrogen availability. Conclusions This study shows that the quality and quantity of residue added to soil affects the carbon sequestration and CO 2 -C emission. In the first 6 days of incubation, there was a higher CO 2 -C emission ratio which correlates with the less stable soil carbon compartments as well as residue. In the final period of incubation, there is no effect of quality and quantity of residue added to soil on the CO 2 -C emission.

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Section: Effect Of Residue Incubation Time On the Co 2 -C Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Quantity and Quality Of The Residue Added To The Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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For how long does the quality and quantity of residues in the soil affect the carbon compartments and CO2-C emissions?

et al. 2016

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“…This confirms that discussing short-term N mineralization in terms of the available fractions of C and N, rather than the total amounts, is more informative. The pattern of respiration rates following application of organic materials to the soil may indicate which compounds and amounts that are decomposed [48,49]. For example, the peakmax of BD-A and a second hump on the respiration curve of PS, both at 70-80 h, coincided in time with respiration peaks seen after addition of sole proteins (i.e., albumin, casein, and rubisco) under similar experimental conditions by Gunnarsson and Marstorp [50] and Gunnarsson (unpublished).…”

Section: Nitrogen Mineralization Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of Biogas Digestates and Pig Slurry Application on Soil Microbial Activity

Abubaker

Risberg

Jönsson

et al. 2015

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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The effect of four biogas digestates (BD-A, BD-B, BD-C, and BD-D) and pig slurry (PS) on soil microbial functions was assessed at application rates corresponding to 0-1120 kg NH 4 + -N ha −1 . At dose corresponding to 140 kg NH 4 + -N ha −1 , 30.9-32.5% of the carbon applied in BD-A, BD-C, and PS was utilized during 12 days, while for BD-B and BD-D corresponding utilization was 19.0 and 16.9%, respectively. All BDs resulted in net nitrogen assimilation at low rates (17.5-140 kg NH 4 + -N ha −1 ) but net mineralization dominated at higher rates. PS resulted in net mineralization at all application rates. All residues inhibited potential ammonium oxidation (PAO), with EC 50 -values ranging between 45 and 302 kg NH 4 + -N ha −1 . Low rates of BDs appeared to weakly stimulate potential denitrification activity (PDA), while higher rates resulted in logarithmic decrease. The EC 50 -values for PDA were between 238 and 347 kg NH 4 + -N ha −1 . No inhibition of PDA was observed after amendment with PS. In conclusion, biogas digestates inhibited ammonia oxidation and denitrification, which could be an early warning of potential hazardous substances in the digestates. However, this effect can also be regarded as positive, since it may reduce nitrogen losses.

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“…Indeed, glucans and arabinoxylans are present in polymer form, i.e., cellulose and hemicelluloses, respectively, thus constituting the primary structural carbohydrates of plant cell walls (Brett and Waldron 1996). However a portion of these sugars is also present in the soluble fraction of residue (starch, amino sugars) and is easily degradable (Gunnarsson et al 2008;Bertrand et al 2009). The rapid lost of glucans and xylans observed during the first 8 and 14 days for roots and leaves, respectively, could thus be explained by the degradation of these soluble sugars ) which were more abundant in leaves than in roots.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Residue Chemical Features During Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

et al. 2013

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Residue recalcitrance controls decomposition and soil organic matter turnover. We hypothesized that the complexity of the cell wall network regulates enzyme production, activity and access to polysaccharides. Enzyme efficiency, defined as the relationship between cumulative litter decomposition and enzyme activities over time, was used to relate these concepts. The impact of two contrasting types of cell walls on xylanase, cellulase and laccase efficiencies was assessed in relation to the corresponding changes in residue chemical composition (xylan, glucan, lignin) during a 43-day incubation period. The selected residues were maize roots, which are rich in secondary cell walls that contain lignin and covalent bridges between heteroxylans and lignin, and maize leaves having mostly nonlignified primary cell walls thus making the cellulose and hemicelluloses less resistant to enzymes. Relationships between C mineralization and change in residue quality through decomposition indicated that the level of substitution of arabinoxylans (arabinan to xylan ratio) provides a good explanation of the decomposition process. In leaves enriched in primary cell walls, arabinose substitution of xylan controlled C mineralization rate but hampered polysaccharide decomposition, but to a lesser extent than in roots in which arabinoxylans were mostly cross-linked with lignin. Enzyme activity was higher in leaf than root amended soils while enzyme efficiency was systematically higher in the presence of roots. This apparent paradox suggests that residue quality could preselect the microbial community. Indeed, we found that microorganisms exhibited an initial rapid growth in the presence of a high quality litter and produced enzymes that are not efficient in degrading recalcitrant cell walls while, in the presence of the more recalcitrant maize roots, microbial biomass grew more slowly but produced enzymes of higher efficiency. This high enzyme efficiency could be explained by the synergistic action of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes even in the early stage of decomposition.

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Influence of non-cellulose structural carbohydrate composition on plant material decomposition in soil

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

For how long does the quality and quantity of residues in the soil affect the carbon compartments and CO2-C emissions?

For how long does the quality and quantity of residues in the soil affect the carbon compartments and CO2-C emissions?

Short-Term Effects of Biogas Digestates and Pig Slurry Application on Soil Microbial Activity

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

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