“…), productivity (Chicoine, 1981;Gardner and Barrows, 1985;Maddison, 2000;Wasson et al, 2013), and yield. Extrinsic characteristics include locational characteristics such as access to the nearest city (Ay et al, 2012;Maddison, 2009Maddison, , 2000Sklenicka et al, 2013), access to roads (Nivens et al, 2002;Troncoso et al, 2010), urban pressure (Herriges et al, 1992;Huang et al, 2006;Maddison, 2000;Sklenicka et al, 2013;Taylor and Brester, 2005), and climate (Maddison, 2000).…”