Influence of Poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride) Pour Point Depressant with Di-Stearyl Amine on Waxy Crude Oil

Abstract

An important problem for the oil industry is the deposition of paraffin on pipelines during the transit of crude oil and restart processes at low temperature. In this regard, the need for suitable methods of wax deposition has attracted substantial attention. Therefore, pour point depressants (PPDs) are considered a critical processing aid to modify the paraffin crystallization and improve the flow of waxy crude oil. The effect of pendants in comb-type copolymers on the ability of crude oil to flow in the cold is examined in the current study. Such PPDs were first created by the free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with benzyl oleate to create the poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride). The resultant copolymer was then aminated with alkyl amine (stearyl amine) (C18H39N) to form pendant alkyl amine chains. The esterified copolymers were structurally characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the potential interactions between PPD and waxes were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and light microscopy. The obtained PPDs, which are effective at a dose of 2000 ppm, were able to reduce the pour point by up to 3 °C. The viscosity and yield stress of the petroleum waxy crude oil were revealed by rheometer.

Novel Pour Point Depressants for Crude Oil Derived from Polyethylene Solution in Hexane and Coal Fly Ash

“…By interacting with paraffin crystals in oil, these additives modify their surface in such a way that large aggregates of paraffin particles are practically not formed or are formed in much smaller quantities than in the absence of additives [4]. Most modern PPDs are based on polymers, including ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymethacrylates, and other synthetic polymers [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Continuous Addition Terpolymerization of Maleic Anhydride, Octadecyl Acrylate, and Docosyl Acrylate: Experimenting the Terpolymers as Pour Point Depressants for Waxy Crude Oils

“…Comb-type terpolymer PPDs have been widely studied because of their structural diversity and excellent effects on crude oil. In crude oil, nonpolar alkyl pendants of comb-type PPDs have been inserted into n -alkanes, which reduces the size and modifies the morphology of wax crystals, while the polar group of comb-type PPDs co-crystallizes with them. , Sun et al synthesized a series of methyl benzyl acrylate– co –hexadecene–maleic anhydride (MB-HD-MA) comb-type terpolymers as PPDs, and the optimal PPD depressed the pour point by 386 K. Xue et al, Yin et al, Elkatory et al, and Zhang et al studied the effects of comb-type copolymers containing various polar pendants on the cold flow properties of diesel fuels and crude oils. Ren et al, Fu et al, and Yan et al synthesized a series of comb-type PPDs in different ratios to investigate the influences of the molecular structure and weight on the rheological behavior and morphology of diesel fuels and crude oils.…”