Influence of Preload Magnitudes and Orientation Angles on the Cervical Biomechanics

Abstract

The findings of the current study were important for the further understanding of the cervical biomechanics during in vitro testing.

Normal and pathological biomechanics of the spine: major aspects

“…В последнее десятилетие большое внимание уделяется сравнению биомеханических характеристик передних стабилизирующих конструкций (пластин, стержней, кейджей), применяемых при операциях в разных, чаще всего в мобильных шейном и поясничном, отделах позвоночника [50,55,59,65,78,91,96,107,118,124].…”

Finite element study on effect of follower load on intersegmental rotation, facet joint force and nucleus pressure of the cervical spine

“…However, previous research has been reported that the cervical spine cadaver specimens collapsed under a very low levels of load, much lower than the physiological compressive load in vivo [2]. Therefore, it appears that the traditional in vitro experimental methods rarely include the compressive loads similar to those experienced in vivo, especially in the studies of multi-level cervical spine [3].…”

“…Follower load has been used to simulate the physiological compressive load of the human spine and most previous research has reported that its value in the cervical spine was usually beyond 100 N [4][5][6][7]. To quantify biomechanical behavior of the human spine under the follower load, researchers have performed various in vitro experiments and finite element (FE) studies by applying compressive loads [3,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, most experimental studies to date have focused on the lumbar spine [8][9][10][11], with only a few experimental studies evaluating the effect of the compressive load on the cervical spine [3,6,[12][13][14][15].…”

“…For example, Cripton et al reported that different application method of compressive load may affect the postures and motions of the cervical spine [12]. Ng et al investigated the biomechanical effect of orientation angles and preload magnitudes on the cervical spine at C5-C6 level [3]. Kevin et al applied a follower load on C3-C7 segment of the cervical spine specimen using a robot test device, and used this robot test device to investigate the influence of follower load on the moment-rotation parameters and intradiscal pressure of the cervical spine [13].…”

Development of a finite element model of the human cervical spine

“…As an alternative to the CT technique, direct digitization of dried or embalmed cadaveric bones may provide excellent geometric fidelity at the expense of an extensive period of time (15,26,27,28,40,41,50). Another major concern in FE modeling of the spine involves the material properties of the spinal components, which vary broadly, even within a specific structure.…”