Influence of processing methods and storage time on the cyanide potential of cassava leaf meal

Ravindran, V.; Kornegay, E. T.; Rajaguru, A.S.B.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(87)90054-x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…in performance with methionine supplementation o f Crude protein contents of 16.7-39.9% have been diets based on cassava products. Feeding up to 20% reported in cassava leaves (Rogers and Milner, 1963; CLM in pelleted broiler diets did not affect performance Allen, 1984;Ravindran et al, 1987;(Montilla, 1977). The maintained performance may be for methionine supplementation of diets based on this Muller et al (1974), Devendra (1977), Ravindran (1992), Akinfala et al (2002), Kanto and Juttupornpong (2005), Nwokoro and Ekhosuehi (2005) Eggum (1970) and Phuc (2000) a b…”

Section: Cassava Leaf Meal (Clm)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Feeding Value of Some Cassava By-Products Meal for Poultry: A Review

Diarra¹,

Devi²

2015

Pakistan J. of Nutrition

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Cassava root meal which has been used as good alternative energy source in poultry and pig diets is increasingly becoming an important energy source for feeding the world's human population. There are however, several by-products of cassava harvest ranging from the leaves, peels and pulp which have potential as feed ingredients in poultry rations. Cassava peels and pulps are moderate to high in energy and have been included in diets as replacements for conventional energy sources. Cassava leaves, moderate to good protein contents, have been used as protein supplements. Dietary recommendations of cassava by-products for poultry have varied considerably. The major factors limiting the efficient utilization of these byproducts in poultry diets include the high fibre and low energy contents and likely presence of antinutritional factors, mainly hydrocyanic acid (HCN) in the bitter variety of cassava. Several technologies have been used to improve the utilization of cassava by-products by poultry. The following paper reviewed the composition of some cassava by-products (leaves, peels and pulp), their recommendations for inclusion in poultry diets and processing methods to maximize their utilization by poultry. It was concluded that efficient use of cassava by-products will reduce feed cost of poultry production and provide additional source of income to cassava farmers and processors.

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Section: Cassava Leaf Meal (Clm)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Feeding Value of Some Cassava By-Products Meal for Poultry: A Review

Diarra¹,

Devi²

2015

Pakistan J. of Nutrition

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“…After 1 h of drying in the shade, the HCN level decreased to 145 mg kg -1 . Sun drying can eliminate almost 90% of the initial HCN content (RAVINDRAN et al, 1987;RAVINDRAN, 1993;WANAPAT et al, 1997). Animals that continuously consume cassava show increased serum levels of the enzyme rhodanase, which is responsible for the detoxification of cyanide, conferring tolerance to HCN levels that would otherwise be toxic (TOKARNIA et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement

Pereira

Ítavo

Mateus

et al. 2017

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg -1 . Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da inclusão da parte aérea de mandioca in natura na ração de cordeiros semi-confinados, em busca da redução parcial de alimentos concentrados. Foram utilizados 56 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84kg ± 2,02, avaliados durante os meses de janeiro a março de 2015, totalizando 65 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos, cada um com 7 fêmeas e 7 machos, sendo que foram divididos de forma que os pesos e os animais fossem o mais homogêneos. Cada grupo de 14 animais recebeu um dos quatro tratamentos: Controle; tratamento com adição de 10% PAM em substituição ao concentrado; tratamento com adição de 20% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado e tratamento com adição de 30% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado. O valor de ganho médio total (GPT) dos cordeiros machos foi 26,89% superior aos ganhos observados no grupamento de fêmeas. Com base no centro de custos foi observado efeito linear (P < 0,01) decrescente no valor da alimentação para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea. Sendo o tratamento controle o maior dispêndio no período com R$ 5...

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“…The cyanide is the main toxic factor restricting the use of CLM, which presents a wide variation range from 5.3 to 80 mg.100 g -1 dry matter (DM) 3,6,21,37,39 . Few data related to the influence of the plant age on the contents of the CLM antinutrients are registered in the available literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antinutrients in the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf powder at three ages of the plant

Wobeto¹,

Corrêa²,

Abreu³

et al. 2007

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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In Brazil, the cassava leaf meal (CLM) has been used to strive against undernourishment because it is a high source of vitamins and minerals. However, the wide variation in the chemical composition of the different cultivars, as well as their antinutritional substances may be a restriction to their uses. The levels of some antinutrients in CLM from five cultivars at three ages of the plant (TAP) were investigated, in order to select the cultivars and plant ages that would be more appropriate for human consumption. The lowest contents of antinutrients were observed in the 12-month old plants, except for nitrate and hemagglutinin from which the lowest contents were found for the 17 month old ones. The cultivar IAC 289-70 had the lowest antinutrient levels, except for saponin and oxalate. Thus, the cultivar IAC 289-70 at 12 months is the most appropriate for human consumption. Keywords: cassava leaves; cyanide; polyphenol; saponin; hemagglutinin; cultivars. ResumoNo Brasil, a farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM) vem sendo usada no combate à desnutrição por ser fonte de vitaminas e minerais. Todavia, a grande variação na composição química dos diferentes cultivares e a presença de substâncias antinutricionais tem restringido o seu uso. Investigaram-se os níveis de alguns antinutrientes da FFM de cinco cultivares em três idades da planta (TIP), a fim de selecionar cultivares e idades mais adequadas para o consumo humano. Aos 12 meses foram observados os menores teores de antinutrientes, exceto para nitrato e hemaglutinina, os quais foram inferiores aos 17 meses. O cultivar IAC 289-70 destacou-se com os menores níveis dos antinutrientes, exceto para a saponina e oxalato. Portanto, o cultivar IAC 289-70, aos 12 meses, é o mais adequado para o consumo humano.

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Influence of processing methods and storage time on the cyanide potential of cassava leaf meal

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Feeding Value of Some Cassava By-Products Meal for Poultry: A Review

Feeding Value of Some Cassava By-Products Meal for Poultry: A Review

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement

Antinutrients in the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf powder at three ages of the plant

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