Influence of Reduced Palmitate Content on Agronomic and Seed Traits of Soybean

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]genotypes with reduced palmitate content have been developed to improve the nutritional characteristics of the seed oil. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of reduced palmitate on agronomic and seed traits of sobean. Three lines homozygous for the fap1 fap3 alleles (≈ 40g kg−1 palmitate) were crossed to different high‐yielding cultivars (≈110 g kg−1 palmitate). In total, 27 F4‐derived lines with reduced palmitate and 27 lines with normal palmitate content were selected from each of the three single‐cross populations. The lines and parents of each population were grown in separate replicated field tests at three locations in Iowa during 1992. The mean seed yield of the reduced‐palmitate lines was significantly less than that of the normal‐palmitate lines was significantly less than that of the normal‐palmitate lines in two of the three populations. The reduced‐palmitate lines had significantly greater protein content in two crosses and significantly lower oil content than the normal‐palmitate lines in all crosses. The associations of reduced palmitate with agronomic and seed traits could be attributable to pleiotropic effects of the fap1 or fap3 alleles or to possible linkages of the alleles with genes controlling the other traits.

Mapping the low palmitate fap1 mutation and validation of its effects in soybean oil and agronomic traits in three soybean populations

“…This was confirmed in all three populations and is in agreement with previous studies with the same mutation (Ndzana et al 1994;Horejsi et al 1994). …”

“…A significant reduction in plant height was also observed for this mutation. In contrast, lines homozygous for the fap1 and fap3 alleles have increased plant height (Ndzana et al 1994), and therefore, since fap3 (amino acid substitution) and fap nc (deletion of unknown size) are mutations in the same GmFATB1a gene, it is highly likely that the deletion per se may include another gene that is causing the plant height reduction observed in fap nc mutants. Yield reductions associated with the fap1 mutation were of smaller magnitude and not always consistent across environments.…”

“…No differences in 18:2 were observed between progenies that inherited the major fap nc allele and those that inherited the normal allele (Rebetzke et al 1998a). In addition, when lines homozygous for the fap 1 and fap 3 alleles were compared to normal lines derived from the same population, the low 16:0 lines have reduced 18:0, and increased 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3 contents (Ndzana et al 1994). Palmitate content in soybean oil was negatively correlated with 18:2 and positively correlated with 18:1 in a population that was segregating for the fap 1 and fan loci (Nickell et al 1991).…”

“…Several studies have shown that lines homozygous for major fap1, fap3 or fap nc alleles have reduced seed yield (Ndzana et al 1994;Rebetzke et al 1998a;Cardinal et al 2008;Cherrak et al 2003). Reduced 16:0 lines homozygous for the fap1 and fap3 alleles had reduced oil content, were taller, and had greater protein content in two out of three populations, when compared to normal lines derived from the same population (Ndzana et al 1994). Progenies homozygous for the fap nc allele had no differences in protein content in all populations studied and an increase in oil content in only one cross (Rebetzke et al 1998a).…”

Genetic variation of six desaturase genes in flax and their impact on fatty acid composition

“…An increase in PAL by 1 % led to a decrease in oil content of 1.4 % in rapeseed (Mollers and Schierholt 2002). In soybean, both mutants with reduced and elevated PAL led to a decrease in seed oil content in comparison with lines with standard fatty acid composition (Ndzana et al 1994; Hartmann et al 1996; Stoltzfus et al 2000). However, the correlation between oil content and the levels of unsaturated fatty acids has not been fully elucidated.…”