Influence of Retained austenite on Dimensional Characteristics of Bearings Components

Horák, Andrej; Slabejová, Silvia; Krajčoviech, Stanislav; Drbúl, Mário; Holubják, Jozef; Czánová, Tatiana

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2021.07.094

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition to the above-mentioned issues regarding the heat-treatment route of bearing steels, a key factor is the amount of retained austenite (RA) within the matrix [20][21][22]. Based on the specific needs of each application, RA may be required to enhance rolling contact fatigue performance, particularly in contaminated lubricating conditions [3,7,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel

Fortini,

Bertarelli,

Cassola

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The 100CrMo7, commonly employed for bearings in rotating machinery, relies on precise heat treatment parameters to ensure an optimal microstructure and, in turn, mechanical properties. Typically, an austenitizing treatment, followed by rapid cooling in a salt bath for martempering or austempering, is crucial in achieving the desired microstructure and hardness. The present industrial-scale study involved a comparative analysis between martempering and austempering routes regarding the hardness and microstructure evolution of EN 100CrMo7 large-size rings. The investigation delves into the effects of austempering temperatures, holding times, and austenitizing temperature. Furthermore, the role of tempering in reducing the amount of retained austenite was also considered. The results indicate that martempering yielded the highest hardness values while austempering exhibited a decrease in hardness at the center of the rings, though a lower amount of retained austenite (in the range of 3.0–4.9 vol.%) was detected in comparison with martempering. In addition, a 850 °C austenitizing temperature reduced the hardness by 16% in the center of the rings and promoted a high content of upper bainite, thus suggesting its inefficacy for the involved large-size rings. In contrast, a 880 °C austenitizing temperature maintained consistently high HRC values across the ring’s height. Lastly, the analysis highlighted that the cooling rate played a more crucial role than the austempering holding time. Such industrial-scale investigations performed on real components improve the knowledge and control of heat treatment parameters in comparison with the nominal guidelines provided by steel suppliers. These outcomes offer insights for optimizing industrial heat treatment parameters, with practical implications for enhancing steel bearings’ microstructural and mechanical performance and lifespan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, it may be avoided if dimensional stability is crucial, i.e., where bearings operate for extended durations at elevated temperatures [21]. Indeed, high RA contents decrease the ultimate strength of the material [23,25,26] and lead to a smaller dimensional stability due to phase transformation [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel

Fortini,

Bertarelli,

Cassola

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…For example, bearings in gearboxes can experience premature failure due to the development of cracks in the bearing steel if the required RA content is not maintained [1][2][3]. It was reported that increased RA content (>20%) in these bearings provides a relatively long service life in such applications [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transformation of RA in service causes dimensional instability of hardened bearing components. Hence, RA can be detrimental for the application requiring tighter tolerance, while more RA can be beneficial in the scenario mentioned earlier [5,[11][12][13][14][15]. Consequently, optimizing RA content to achieve the best combination of desired properties is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Retained Austenite in Carburized Bearing Steel Using Magneto-Inductive Method

Ionescu,

Pantawane,

Tănase

et al. 2023

Crystals

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The present work explores the magneto-inductive method to evaluate different levels of retained austenite content in carburized 20NiCrMo7 bearing steel while comparing the corresponding measurements by X-ray diffractometry and image analysis by optical microscope. The content of retained austenite in carburized 20NiCrMo7 steel was modified with additional tempering to yield three samples with distinct ranges of retained austenite profiles in the carburized region of the steel. The retained austenite measured at different depths in these samples using the magneto-inductive method had an outcome comparable to other methods. Further discussion based on data suggests that the magneto–induction method yields precise (with an average deviation of 0.5%) results with sufficient sensitivity at different levels (including below 5 vol. %.) of retained austenite.

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“…Many scholars have found that the factors affecting size stability mainly include residual austenite, precipitated carbides, and stress relaxation. [5][6][7] Higher amount of residual austenite and its higher carbon content are unfavorable for precision bearings which require higher size stability. During the storage of finished bearing parts, the phenomenon of size expansion caused by the transformation of residual austenite occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stabilization Treatment on Size and Properties of Austempered M50 Steel

Wei

Wang

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Influence of Retained austenite on Dimensional Characteristics of Bearings Components

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel

An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel

Evaluation of Retained Austenite in Carburized Bearing Steel Using Magneto-Inductive Method

Effect of Stabilization Treatment on Size and Properties of Austempered M50 Steel

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