Influence of salinity and linoleic or α-linolenic acid based diets on ontogenetic development and metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in pike perch larvae (Sander lucioperca)

Abstract

Influence of salinity and linoleic or α-linolenic acid based diets on ontogenetic development and metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in pike perch larvae (Sander lucioperca

Dietary DHA and ARA level and ratio affect the occurrence of skeletal anomalies in pikeperch larvae (Sander lucioperca) through a regulation of immunity and stress related gene expression

“…The set of contiguous sequences were assembled using CAP3 (Huang and Madan, 1999) and identity of the deduced aa sequences confirmed using the BLASTp sequence analysis service of the NCBI. Sequences for alp, twist22, mef2c and sox9 were available for the species of interest (Lund et al, 2018(Lund et al, , 2019. Pikeperch specific gene primers were designed after searching the NCBI nucleotide database and using Primer3.…”

“…Pikeperch larvae are very stress sensitive to lack or low levels of n-3 dietary essential long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA, n-3) causing lower performance, higher mortality; deficiency syndroms and deformities (Lund and Steenfeldt, 2011;Lund et al, 2014). Thus, recent studies suggested requirements similar to those of marine carnivorous fish larvae for both phospholipids and LC-PUFAs (Hamza et al, 2015;Lund et al, 2019). Moreover, at a physiological level, oxidative risk is particularly high in the fast-growing larvae due to the high metabolic rate, oxygen consumption and water content in the larval tissues (Betancor et al, 2012).…”

Utilization of Live‐Food Enrichment with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) for the Intensive Culture of Yellow Perch Larvae

“…Conversely, there is evidence that Northern Pike Esox lucius may be incapable of synthesizing ARA, EPA, and DHA from their 18‐carbon precursors and thus have a high dietary requirement for these LC‐PUFAs (Henderson et al 1995). Research on the lipid metabolism of Zander Sander lucioperca larvae has suggested that the biosynthesis of EPA and DHA from 18‐carbon precursors is highly limited and, therefore, direct dietary sources of n‐3 LC‐PUFAs are needed (Lund et al 2019; Reis et al 2020). Previous research on Yellow Perch juveniles (7 g/fish) has shown reduced growth rates and feed conversion efficiency when experimental diets had less than 1.5% n‐3 LC‐PUFA and less than 0.3% ARA (Mjoun et al 2012).…”

Trophic Levels Predict the Nutritional Essentiality of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish—Introduction to a Special Section and a Brief Synthesis

“…Certain life stages may have greater requirements for fatty acids to support developmental processes (e.g., reproductive development of broodstock), or to compensate for underdeveloped metabolic and biosynthetic capacities (i.e., development and metamorphosis during early life history) (Takeuchi 1997;Sargent et al 2002;Glencross 2009;Tocher 2010). Fatty acid demand may also be influenced by rearing salinities (Lund et al, 2019) and temperatures (Arts and Kohler 2009;Nobrega et al 2017), although the demands of homeoviscous adaptation and preservation of membrane integrity are typically met using various non-essential saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in addition to C 18 PUFA and/or LC-PUFA (Trushenski et al 2012a). Perhaps most importantly, we have recently demonstrated that not all LC-PUFA may be nutritionally…”

“…"n-3 LC-PUFA") as has been standard in the past (NRC 2011). Although some valuable published research on this topic still relies on this traditional approach(Mozanzadeh et al 2015; Carvalho et al 2018) we strongly recommend a transition towards individual C 18 PUFA and LC-PUFA assessment(Zuo et al 2015;Salini et al 2016;Bou et al 2017;Nobrega et al 2017; Torrecillas et al 2017 Torrecillas et al , 2018Colombo 2018;Lund et al 2019; Papiol and Estévez 2019).…”