Influence of selenium supplementation on carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Summary Background In the presence of conflicting advice about the relationship between selenium-type II diabetes-oxidative stress trio, this study aimed to assess the consequences of selenium supplementation on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, antioxidant activities of selenodependent and non-selenodependent enzymes, and other markers of oxidative stress studied for the first time during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods This research was carried out among 180 pregnant Algerian women, 60 of whom were in good health, 60 women with GDM did not take supplements, and 60 women with GDM took selenium orally (50 μg/d) for 12 weeks starting from their second trimester of pregnancy. Blood samples were taken in order to assay FPG level and oxidative stress markers. Results Selenium supplementation during GDM has demonstrated its hypoglycemic power in the significant decline of FPG level, and its antioxidant properties in the significant reinforcement of antioxidant activities of erythrocyte selenodependent enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase), the significant increase in erythrocyte catalase and superoxide dismutase activities simultaneously with the highest decrease in erythrocyte and plasma malondialdehyde levels. This decrease was only significant for plasma carbonyl proteins, which was not the case for erythrocyte carbonyl proteins. Conclusions The recourse to selenium supplementation by seleno-deficient pregnant women with GDM is beneficial for maternal health. This micronutrient exploits its antioxidant and insulin-mimetic properties in the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis and the fight against oxidative stress, and consequently, its supplementation delays the occurrence of GDM complications.

Thyroid dysfunction during gestation and gestational diabetes mellitus: a complex relationship

“…Interventional studies in women with GDM gave controversial results: in one RCT the supplementation of 200 μg/d selenium for 6 weeks from 24 to 28 GW was able to reduce fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels and Homeostasis model assessment—insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) [ 97 ]. Another RCT showed that a supplementation of 50 µg/d of selenium for 12 weeks starting from the second trimester of pregnancy could reduce fasting plasma glucose [ 98 ]. On the contrary, another trial in which pregnant women received 100 µg/d of selenium no effect on fasting plasma glucose, 2-h post-prandial blood glucose, HbA1C, insulin level, and HOMA-IR could be observed [ 99 ].…”

Markers of Oxidative Stress in Obstetrics and Gynaecology—A Systematic Literature Review

“…The rest of parameters were oxidative stress index-OSI ( n = 3), GST ( n = 2), GR ( n = 2), uric acid ( n = 2), xanthine oxidase ( n = 2), TOS ( n = 1), TNF-α ( n = 1), IL-10 ( n = 1), paraoxonase (PON-1) ( n = 1), inactivation of aldehyde dehydrogenase ( n = 1), irisin ( n = 1), bilirubin ( n = 1), 8-OHdG ( n = 1), sulfhydryl groups ( n = 1), plasma and erythrocyte carbonyl proteins ( n = 1), heme oxygenase 1 ( n = 1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 ( n = 1), quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) ( n = 1), aldo-keto reductase family 1 member c1 (AKR1C1) ( n = 1), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (1), ceruloplasmin (1), hs-CRP ( n = 1), transferrin ( n = 1), advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs) ( n = 1), protein carbonyl (PCO) ( n = 1), GPx3 ( n = 1), protein (P-SH) ( n = 1), total nitrite ( n = 1), non-protein thiol (NP-SH) ( n = 1), total thiol ( n = 1), non-protein thiol (NP-SH) ( n = 1), P66Shc mRNA ( n = 1), Drp1 mRNA ( n = 1), protein ROS ( n = 1), antioxidant enzymes and gene expression for mitochondrial function: ND2, TFAM, PGC1α, and NDUFB9 ( n = 1) [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Can we reduce oxidative stress with liver transplantation?

“…Our study found that malondialdehyde level, another indicator of oxidative stress, is increased in cirrhotic and liver transplant patients compared to normal population. Oxidative stress was demonstrated to play a role in the development of hepatic damage in many studies [36] . Interestingly, we found our study that levels of these antioxidant enzymes were still significantly lower after liver transplantation compared to normal population.…”