Influence of Single-Trial Results on Clinical Practice

Abstract

isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN04973569.

Interventions in health care professionals to improve treatment in children with upper respiratory tract infections

“…This results suggest that any active intervention to implement evidence is more effective than passive dissemination of evidence based interventions [10,11]. Other systematic reviews on implementation strategies in general, however, report on ineffective strategies or strategies with an uncertain or variable effectiveness [24,25].…”

“…Passive dissemination of trial results and meta-analyses, may therefore not reach these professionals [9], nor affect how they manage their patients [10,11] In general, clinical practice guidelines are issued to this matter. Alternative strategies comprise educational materials, education sessions, audits and feedbacks, reminders and computerized decision support systems.…”

“…Besides, various specialties, i.e., general practitioners, pediatricians and otolaryngologists are involved in the care of children with URTIs. We have shown previously that beliefs regarding the effectiveness of surgical interventions vary across these specialties [11], and thus dissemination and implementation of trial results may require a ''specialty specific approach''.…”

Awareness of, Opinions About, and Adherence to Evidence-Based Guidelines in Otorhinolaryngology

“…This is quite remarkable because impaired dissemination of practice guidelines and clinical research into daily practice has been reported repeatedly. 17,[19][20][21][26][27][28] Since the patients with OSAHS in the scenarios were well treated according to the guidelines, the implementation of the current OSAHS guidelines in clinical practice can be considered successful. The authors of the Dutch OSAHS guideline 4 reported several actions to promote awareness and implementation of the guidelines: they were actively distributed among all relevant associations and hospitals; an abstract of the guidelines was published in the Dutch Journal of Medicine and several related clinical journals; the content of the guidelines was published on the Dutch Institute for Health Care Improvement (Centraal Begeleidings Orgaan) (CBO) Web site, 4 and the guidelines were discussed at several scientific conventions and audits of the related societies.…”

Otolaryngologist adherence to the AAO‐HNSF Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Practice Guideline

“…Over 70% of otolaryngologists who responded to our survey had read the guideline, which is encouraging as the document had only been released slightly over 1 year prior to commencement of this study. This is notable because impaired dissemination of CPGs and clinical research into daily practice has been reported in a number of studies . Another encouraging finding is the high rate of adherence to the 2 strong guideline recommendations.…”