Influence of Smartphone Wi-Fi Signals on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Abstract

The use of smartphones is expanding rapidly around the world, thus raising the concern of possible harmful effects of radiofrequency generated by smartphones. We hypothesized that Wi-Fi signals from smartphones may have harmful influence on adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). An in vitro study was performed to assess the influence of Wi-Fi signals from smartphones. The ASCs were incubated under a smartphone connected to a Wi-Fi network, which was uploading files at a speed of 4.8 Mbps for 10 hours a day, for a total of 5 days. We constructed 2 kinds of control cells, one grown in 37°C and the other grown in 39°C. After 5 days of Wi-Fi exposure from the smartphone, the cells underwent cell proliferation assay, apoptosis assay, and flow cytometry analysis. Three growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and transforming growth factor-β, were measured from ASC-conditioned media. Cell proliferation rate was higher in Wi-Fi-exposed cells and 39°C control cells compared with 37°C control cells. Apoptosis assay, flow cytometry analysis, and growth factor concentrations showed no remarkable differences among the 3 groups. We could not find any harmful effects of Wi-Fi electromagnetic signals from smartphones. The increased proliferation of ASCs under the smartphone, however, might be attributable to the thermal effect.

Continuous Exposure to 1.7 GHz LTE Electromagnetic Fields Increases Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species to Decrease Human Cell Proliferation and Induce Senescence

“…Recently 1700 to 1950 MHz RF-EMFs have become the most widely used frequencies in mobile communications and some studies have been carried out to investigate how the exposure to these frequencies of RF-EMF affects living organisms. However, the types and conditions of exposure in the studies were different and the results were not consistent 11,12,21,35,36 . Considering that 1.7 GHz LTE RF-EMF is mainly used in wireless communication, much research has focused on brains or nerves that are exposed to wireless communication equipment 37,38 .…”

A meta-analysis of in vitro exposures to weak radiofrequency radiation exposure from mobile phones (1990–2015)

“…Human amniotic cell, amniotic epithelial cells (FL) [171,199,200,201,202,203] 29 Mast cell lines (HMC-1) -mast cell leukaemia [239] 1 1 (100%) 0 (0%) 0.500 FC2 cells, human-hamster hybrid cells (AL) [164,240,241] 12 6 (50%) 6 (50%) 0.225 Human adipose derived stem cells [242] 1 0 (0%) 1 (100%) 0.500 Human dendritic cells [243] 3 3 (100%) 0 (0%) 0.125 Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293T) [244] 5 5 (100%) 0 (0%) 0.031 Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) [171] 2 2 (100%) 0 (0%) 0.250 Human hair cell, human scalp hair follicle [172,245] 3 3 (100%) 0 (0%) 0. [131,249,250] 9 6 (66.6%) (33.3%) 0.164 Rat glioblastoma cells (C6, C6BU-1) [40,138,142,251] 6 1 (16.7%) (83.3%) 0.094 Rat astrocytes [40,117,132,138,155,171,249,252,253,254,255] 9 2 (22.2%) (77.8%) 0.070 Rat brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC) [254,255] 5 4 (80%) (20%) 0.156 Mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a, N18TG-2, NG108-15) [251,256] 4 0 (0%) (100%) 0.062 Rat neurons, murine cholinergic neurons (SN56) [130,252,253,…”

Low-power Density Radiations Emitted from Common Wi-Fi Routers Influence Sperm Concentration and Sperm Histomorphometric Parameters: A New Horizon on Male Infertility Treatment

“…Therefore, recent studies have demonstrated the significant role of Wi-Fi radiation on morphology, viability and motility of sperm and caused growing concerns about increasing infertility [11]. On the other hand, other researchers have claimed that low dose EMF radiation, with low frequency or low power density, not only eliminates the detrimental effects but also induces beneficial outcomes [12]. Power density can be used to characterize an RF field and has been defined as power per unit area using the following formula:…”