Influence of soil temperature, moisture and other fungal root pathogens on pathogenicity of Phytophthora clandestina to subterranean clover

Wong, DH; Sivasithamparam, Krishnapillai; Barbetti, MJ

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(86)80193-0

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…clandestina were similar to those which promote the parasitic activity of the fungus. It was found to be most pathogenic at 10, 15,20, and 25°C under high moisture conditions (Wong et al 1986a). Our results from the Miracloth experiment indicate that within the range of soil moisture tested P .…”

Section: Influence Of Water Potential and Temperature On Growth In Agarmentioning

confidence: 47%

Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina

Wong¹,

Sivasithamparam²,

Barbetti³

1986

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina. Can. J. Microbiol. 32: 553-556. The effects of temperature, pH, and osmotic water potential on the growth on lima bean agar and survival in soil of Phytophthora clandestina were investigated. On agar it grew over a wide pH range of 4-9 and growth increased as the pH of the initial medium rose from 4 to 6 at temperatures of 15,20, and 25°C. Growth was reduced by 58,56, and 65% under acidic (pH 4) or by 54,63, and 32% under alkaline (pH 9) conditions when compared with growth at pH 6 at 15,20, and 2S°C, respectively. At 10, 15,20, and 25°C growth was reduced with increasing water stress. Generally growth increased with progressively increasing incubation temperatures up to 20°C. Osmotic water potential of less than -12 bars (1 bar = 100 kPa) prevented mycelial growth of P . clandestina. Maximum growth occurred on lima bean agar (0 bar) without KC1 amendment at all temperatures. Survival of the pathogen within pasteurized soil was increased under cooler conditions (5-10°C) at all water potentials tested (-0.01, -0.026, and -0.063 bars). At higher temperatures (1 5-32°C) P . clandestina survived better under wetter soil conditions. WONG, D. H., K. SIVASITHAMPARAM et M.J. BARBETTI. Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina. Can. J. Microbiol. 32: 553-556. Les effets de la tempkrature, du pH et du potentiel osmotique de I'eau sur la croissance de Phytophthora clandestina sur gClose a base de feve de lima et la survivance de Let organisme dins le sol ont kt6 CtudiCs. Sur agar, l'organisme s'est rCvC16 capable de croitre sur une grande Ctendue de pH (4 a 9) et la croissance Ctait plus rapide au fur et a mesure que le pH initial de milieu s'Clevait de 4 a 6, a des tempCratures de 15, 20 et 25°C. Aux mkmes tempkratures, respectivement, la croissance Ctait rCduite de 58, 56 et 65% en milieu acide (pH 4) et de 54, 63 et 32% en milieu alcalin (pH 9), par comparaison a la croissance obtenue &pH 6. A des tempkratures de 10, 15,20 et 2S°C, la croissance diminuait avec I'augmentation du stress hydrique. GCnCralement, la croissance augmentait avec l'augmentation progressive de la tempCrature d'incubation jusqua 20°C. Un potentiel osmotique aqueux infkrieur a -12 bars a empCchC la croissance mydlienne. Une croissance maximale a Ct C obtenue sur gClose a base de fkve de lima a 0 bar, sans amendement en KCI, a toutes les tempkratures. La survivance du pathogene dans un sol pasteurisC a augment6 sous des conditions plus froides de 5 a 1O0C, a tous les potentiels aqueux testCs (-0,01, -0,026 et -0,063 bars).Aux tempkratures plus ClevCes de 15 a 32"C, P. clandestina a mieux survtcu sous des conditions plus humides.[Traduit par la Revue]

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Section: Influence Of Water Potential and Temperature On Growth In Agarmentioning

confidence: 47%

Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina

Wong¹,

Sivasithamparam²,

Barbetti³

1986

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…However, in contrast, other studies suggest that, generally, P. clandestina and another oomycete common across southern Australia, A. trifolii , are favoured by high moisture conditions (e.g. Wong et al ., ,c; O'Rourke et al ., ). Wong et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytophthora clandestina is also an important root pathogen of subterranean clover in New South Wales, Australia (Dear et al ., ) and in South Australia (M. P. You, unpublished data). In Western Australia, the presence of P. clandestina was confirmed in 1984 (Taylor et al ., ) and recognized as one of the most serious pathogens of the soilborne pathogen complex there (Wong et al ., , ). Subsequently, You et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have also been some specific studies of environmental effects on the behaviour of this pathogen; for example, Wong et al . (,d) investigated the soil behaviour of this pathogen in the field, and also investigated the influence of some individual environmental factors on the growth and survival of P. clandestina (Wong et al ., ,e). On occasion, there has been investigation of the interaction of different environmental factors, but only restricted to a maximum of two factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severity of phytophthora root rot and pre‐emergence damping‐off in subterranean clover influenced by moisture, temperature, nutrition, soil type, cultivar and their interactions

You

Barbetti

2017

Plant Pathology

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Studies were carried out in controlled environment rooms reflecting field situations. In the presence of the devastating soilborne pathogen Phytophthora clandestina, subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) seedling emergence was significantly affected by moisture, soil type, temperature and cultivar. The level of rotting of tap and lateral roots was significantly affected by nutrition, soil type, temperature and cultivar. There were significant interactions involving temperature, moisture, soil type and cultivar; cultivar resistance, high moisture, high or medium temperature, high nutrition and sand soil all contributed towards less pre‐emergence damping‐off and tap and lateral root disease and to greater clover productivity. Host resistance of subterranean clover cultivars was critical for reducing disease severity and increasing productivity, even when favourable environmental conditions for severe disease occurred. In the presence of P. clandestina, the most resistant cultivar, Seaton Park, performed best under a high temperature, high nutrition and high moisture combination, but showed lower productivity under conditions of low nutrition or lower temperature, even when moisture level was high. In contrast, less resistant cultivars Riverina and Meteora had less disease and greater productivity under low moisture conditions. Findings reflect field observations that pre‐emergence damping‐off and root disease from P. clandestina in subterranean clover is particularly severe under colder conditions and in nutritionally impoverished sandy soils, and demonstrate how variations in soil type, nutrition, moisture, temperature and cultivar have profound effects on the expression and severity of phytophthora pre‐emergence damping‐off and root disease and the productivity of subterranean clover forages.

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“…This result suggests the involvement of pythiaceous fungi as a primary cause of the pre-and post-emergence damping-off observed in subterranean clover in Western Australia. Pythium irregulare has been shown to be able to cause severe damping-off of most commonly grown subterranean clover cultivars under noncompetitive conditions (Barbetti et al, 1986a) and Phytophthora clandestina has also been shown to cause severe damping-off in a susceptible cultivar under non-competitive conditions (Wong et al, 1986). Barbetti et al, (1986a) showed that, under controlled conditions P. irregulare could cause more severe seedling damping-off of subterranean clover than could F. avenaceum, Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht., Rhizoctonia solani Kiihn, or Phoma medicaginis Malb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicidal drenches for control of root rot in subterranean clover

1987

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Fungicide drenches of benomyl, metalaxyl, iprodione, propamocarb, or thiram were applied to intact soil cores taken from known root rot affected fields in Western Australia, to control subterranean clover root rot. Metalaxyl was the most effective in reducing seedling damping-off. The most effective fungicide for reducing the level of rotting of both tap and lateral root systems of surviving plants varied from season to season at one site and varied between different sites in any one season with each fungicide giving a significant reduction in root disease on at least one occasion. Results suggest that different individuals or complexes of root pathogens were operative between seasons in any one site, and between sites for any one season. In some instances it appears that different individual root pathogens or pathogen complexes were operative on tap roots compared to lateral roots.

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Influence of soil temperature, moisture and other fungal root pathogens on pathogenicity of Phytophthora clandestina to subterranean clover

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina

Influence of environmental factors on the growth and survival of Phytophthora clandestina

Severity of phytophthora root rot and pre‐emergence damping‐off in subterranean clover influenced by moisture, temperature, nutrition, soil type, cultivar and their interactions

Fungicidal drenches for control of root rot in subterranean clover

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