“…The absence of ruthenium species can be attributed to the low Ru content in the impregnation solution and hence, on the nanotube arrays surface (Senthilnanthan et al, 2010;Ismael, 2019). Note that the absence of the dopants in the XRD patterns of modified oxides is quite typical (Chahmana et al, 2009). As evidenced in Fig.…”
Section: Characterization Of the Undoped And Ru-doped Tio2 Nanotube A...mentioning
“…The absence of ruthenium species can be attributed to the low Ru content in the impregnation solution and hence, on the nanotube arrays surface (Senthilnanthan et al, 2010;Ismael, 2019). Note that the absence of the dopants in the XRD patterns of modified oxides is quite typical (Chahmana et al, 2009). As evidenced in Fig.…”
Section: Characterization Of the Undoped And Ru-doped Tio2 Nanotube A...mentioning
“…34 Like Ag promoting the generation of PbO 2 layer, Co also can be served as a catalyst which affects the electrochemical characteristics of the PbSO 4 /PbO 2 . 43,44 For the Pb-Co anodes, the mechanism of OER can be shown in the following equations 30 : Fig. 9 Equivalent circuit used to simulate the mechanism of OER.…”
Section: Tafel Curves and Kinetic Parameters For Oxygen Evolutionmentioning
“…It can be then admitted that the rate of decay from 1.72 to 0.85 V for Pb-0.7% Ag alloy anode with a quick drop of voltage (PbO 2 fi PbSO 4 and PbO fi PbSO 4 ) because of the quick formation of lead sulfate on the surface of the anode with silver content. Ag could be considered then as a dopant which affects the electrochemical characteristics of the PbO 2 /PbSO 4 , like Co 2+ decreasing PbO 2 quantity (Ref 24,25).…”
Section: Lead-silver Alloy In Zinc Electrolyte During 16-h Decaymentioning
Cyclic voltammetry (CV) for lead-silver anodes has been performed in an acidic zinc sulfate solution with and without Mn 2+ at 38°C. It has been found that the most redox peaks observed at the lowest sweep rate of 3 mV/s in the sulfate solution could be characterized by the Nernst equation. Bubbling argon into the zinc electrolyte and increasing the potential sweep rates from 3 to 300 mV/s did not change the shape of the CV diagrams. It was also found that 0.7% silver as alloying element had an important influence on the reactions of Pb-Ag anodes in the zinc electrolyte. Lead-silver alloys were oxidized more easily in sulfuric acid than in the examined zinc electrolyte. The addition of MnSO 4 to the zinc electrolyte decreased the numbers of the redox peaks on the curve of CV for lead-silver anode in zinc electrolyte.
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