Influence of Steel Scrap on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

Hiratsuka, Sadato; Hara, Hiroshi; Kowata, Toshinori; Koike, Katsumi; Shimizu, Kazumichi

doi:10.2320/matertrans.44.1419

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This shape influences the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation at fracture and fracture toughness. 4,[12][13][14][15] In particular the DI's high toughness and good crack propagation resistance are mainly due to the peculiar graphite elements shape. 13 During tensile loading slightly above the yield stress the nodules normally debond from the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nickel and cobalt on microstructure of silicon solution strengthened ductile iron

Weiβß

Brachmann

Bührig–Polaczek

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Technology

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‘Second Generation’ ductile iron with a silicon content of up to 4.3 wt- exhibits a fully ferritic matrix, which is solution strengthened by silicon. Outstanding advantages of these ductile iron grades result in their strongly increasing demand. However, due to a presumed formation of a silicon long range order, the maximum strength is limited to 600 MPa at 4.3 wt- silicon. At higher silicon content, the mechanical properties dramatically decrease. In order to increase the maximum achievable strength, the potential of additional solution strengthening elements is subject of present research. Initially, the effects of cobalt and nickel on matrix, graphite shape and nodule count are investigated. Cobalt and nickel are identified as promising candidates for further solid solution hardening.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nickel and cobalt on microstructure of silicon solution strengthened ductile iron

Weiβß

Brachmann

Bührig–Polaczek

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Technology

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“…1 Steel scrap is often added to the metal charge of cast iron to reduce the carbon footprint and lower the costs of the material. [2][3][4] However, trace levels of B are reported to have detrimental effects on the microstructure of SGI. These detrimental effects include the promotion of carbides, [5][6][7] and the promotion of ferrite in pearlitic SGI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Boron (B), Tin (Sn), Copper (Cu), and Manganese (Mn) on the Microstructure of Spheroidal Graphite Irons

Bugten,

Sanders,

Hartung

et al. 2023

Inter Metalcast

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Most spheroidal graphite irons (SGIs) have a matrix consisting of ferrite, pearlite, or a mix of the two. To achieve the desired matrix composition, pearlite promoters such as Mn, Cu, or Sn, are added to the molten metal. Among these elements, Sn is the most potent pearlite promoter. However, each has a different impact on the solidification, graphite precipitation, eutectoid transformation, and ultimately the final structure of the material. Research has shown that B promotes ferrite in fully pearlitic grades where Cu and Mn were used to promote pearlite. The present work investigates the effect of B in SGI with additions of Sn, Cu, and Mn, and the effects of varying amounts of the different pearlite promoters on the matrix composition. The results show that Mn alone at levels of approximately 0.9 wt% is not enough to promote a fully pearlitic matrix, while 0.5 wt% Cu combined with 0.67 wt% Mn is sufficient. Likewise, a fully pearlitic microstructure can be obtained by alloying with 0.06 wt% Sn and 0.67 wt% Mn. B was found to promote ferrite in fully pearlitic SGI alloyed with Sn or Cu. However, in the absence of those elements, B promoted pearlite when alloyed with just Mn. Graphite protrusions were observed on the graphite nodule surface only for B-added alloys with Sn and Cu. In these cases, it is believed B promotes ferrite by changing the growth mechanism of graphite after solidification from spherical to lamellar. However, a different graphite morphology is observed when B is added with just Mn. Thermal analysis data is in agreement with the microstructural observations regarding the ferrite promoting effect of B.

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“…Such method, however, in spite of high adequacy of the obtained results, was not widely used due to the limited usage of this class research equipment in the world practice. Most frequently used methods of the study of dimensional and topological characteristics of cast irons are the methods of computer microscopy for structure images, obtained on modern digital optical microscopes [4][5][6][7][8][9]. It is connected with a wide introduction into the production of digital microscopes, allowing not only to perform photo-and video-fixation of the studied materials' structures, but also to describe mathematically the studied objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Computer Microscopy Methods to Control the Microstructure of Malleable Cast Iron Product with Spherical Graphite

Makarenko

Nikitin

Vdovin

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Machine Vision (GraphiCon 2020). Part 2

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The method of identification of objects on images of the microstructure of cast iron with spherical graphite of the correct shape with uniform distribution is presented. Morphological analysis techniques were used to identify shrinkage pores and graphite inclusions in microstructure images. Geometric features of the shape of graphite inclusions were used as methods for identifying graphite, in particular, particle size analysis, which is widely used to identify various objects in computer microscopy. The computer analysis of the image was performed with the program ImageJ. To determine the pores against the background of graphite inclusions, two characteristics were used - the shape and size of the objects themselves. The pores, presented on the image, differ from graphite inclusions by a complex, fractal border and comparatively large areas. For the visualization of the research results, the combination of the graphite part with the calculation and analytical part was used. Such presentation of the results is the most significant and allows to perform the most correct evaluation of the graphitized cast iron microstructure in accordance with GOST 3443-87.

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Influence of Steel Scrap on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Influence of nickel and cobalt on microstructure of silicon solution strengthened ductile iron

Influence of nickel and cobalt on microstructure of silicon solution strengthened ductile iron

The Influence of Boron (B), Tin (Sn), Copper (Cu), and Manganese (Mn) on the Microstructure of Spheroidal Graphite Irons

Using Computer Microscopy Methods to Control the Microstructure of Malleable Cast Iron Product with Spherical Graphite

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