Influence of surface modification techniques on shear bond strength between different zirconia cores and veneering ceramics

Abstract

PURPOSEVeneering porcelain might be delaminated from underlying zirconia-based ceramics. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effect of different surface treatments and type of zirconia (white or colored) on shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia core and its veneering porcelain.MATERIALS AND METHODSEighty zirconia disks (40 white and 40 colored; 10 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick) were treated with three different mechanical surface conditioning methods (Sandblasting with 110 µm Al2O3 particle, grinding, sandblasting and liner application). One group had received no treatment. These disks were veneered with 3 mm thick and 5 mm diameter Cercon Ceram Kiss porcelain and SBS test was conducted (cross-head speed = 1 mm/min). Two and one way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD Past hoc, and T-test were selected to analyzed the data (α=0.05).RESULTSIn this study, the factor of different types of zirconia ceramics (P=.462) had no significant effect on SBS, but the factors of different surface modification techniques (P=.005) and interaction effect (P=.018) had a significant effect on SBS. Within colored zirconia group, there were no significant differences in mean SBS among the four surface treatment subgroups (P=0.183). Within white zirconia group, "Ground group" exhibited a significantly lower SBS value than "as milled" or control (P=0.001) and liner (P=.05) groups.CONCLUSIONType of zirconia did not have any effect on bond strength between zirconia core and veneer ceramic. Surface treatment had different effects on the SBS of the different zirconia types and grinding dramatically decreased the SBS of white zirconia-porcelain.

Efeito do tratamento de superfície na resistência de união entre porcelana e uma cerâmica à base de zircônia

“…Não houve influência do uso de um agente de união na resistência ao cisalhamento da Y-TZP à porcelana. A literatura relata que o uso de um liner de porcelana feldspática tem pouca ou nenhuma influência na resistência de união entre Y-TZP e porcelana, mesmo quando combinado com jateamento de partículas [25,27,30]. O agente de união utilizado (Effect Bonder) é recomendado pelo fabricante para colorir a infraestrutura de Y-TZP e melhorar sua união com a porcelana VM9.…”

“…Os estudos observaram que o comportamento encontrado foi dependente do tipo de tratamento e tipo de cerâmica, porém, nem sempre havia uma melhora na união entre os materiais [21,[24][25][26][27][28]. Além disso, o uso de tratamentos que geram tensões na superfície da Y-TZP pode ser contraindicado devido à possível indução de transformação da fase tetragonal para monoclínica, que leva à degradação das suas propriedades mecânicas em baixas temperaturas (low temperature degradation -LTD) [6,7].…”

Y-TZP zirconia regeneration firing: Microstructural and crystallographic changes after grinding

“…Often during clinical and laboratorial procedures, zirconia frameworks require processing to achieve a better adjustment 8,9) . This is commonly done by means of chemical and/or mechanical manipulations including milling, sandblasting and/or grinding procedures that may induce stresses that promote t→m transformation [10][11][12][13] . Adjustments of zirconia abutments using high or low speed grinding require further studies due to the divergent results in literature 14) .…”

“…Adjustments of zirconia abutments using high or low speed grinding require further studies due to the divergent results in literature 14) . Although the transformation to monoclinic phase toughens the zirconia surface, it can have a negative impact on the mechanical stability of prostheses, depending on the material's ability to prevent or retard the propagation of cracks, becoming a material with lower reliability 11,14) . A positive or negative effect after grinding depends on the t→m volume percentage transformation and on the conversion's metastability 8,15,16) .…”

Enhancement of the Bonding Durability of Resin-based Cement to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramics Using Surface Modification Methods

“…Different surface treatments, involving primers and silane coupling agents, are available and reported to enhance the bonding strength of resin cement to porcelain and zirconia [10][11][12][13] . These surface modi cation methods include acid etching, sandblasting, tribochemical treatment, and the application of phosphoric acid monomer [14][15][16][17] . In particular, acid etching using hydro uoric acid solution has been recommended to enhance the surface bonding characteristics of LDCs 18 19 .…”