“…In addition, during internal broaching, it is difficult to visualize or monitor chip formation mechanisms, which makes it difficult to optimize. For these reasons, several authors have chosen to study external broaching machines with multiple teeth broaches (Figure 6), which enables the measurement of radial forces and allows clear access to the process for additional instrumentations, using devices such as high speed cameras, infrared cameras and pyrometers [4,5,42,47,67,79,104].…”