Influence of temperature on the growth and surface morphology of Fe³⁺ poisoned KDP crystals

Abstract

A series of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals and Fe3+ doped KDP crystals were grown at different temperatures.

Study on Micro Morphology of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals Grown at Elevated Temperatures

“…The β l value around 35 • C was near the result measured by A.V. Belustin, the crystal grew at 30 • C [18], which was similar to our experimental temperature [16].…”

“…The relationship between step velocity with supersaturation is displayed in Figure 8. For comparison, the experimental results obtained at low saturation temperature are also shown in Figure 8 [16]. It can be seen that the step velocity around 65 °C was faster than the velocity around 35 °C at the same supersaturation.…”

“…When the supersaturation added up to 0.08, a few shallow pits appeared on the crystal surface. It is significantly different from the situation at low temperature that the dendritic branch steps emerged [16]. …”

“…Then the step bunching changed little with the rise of supersaturation. Contrasted to the situation at elevated temperature, the supersaturation apex of step bunching emerged around σ = 0.05, and the step height rose rapidly for σ = 0.08 when the saturation temperature was around 35 • C [16].…”

“…The relationships between the three parameters and supersaturation at the saturation temperature of 65 • C are shown in Figure 5. For comparison, the relationship at the saturation temperature of 35 • C are also displayed in Figure 5 [16]. The elementary number was calculated as the step height divided by the elementary step height, which was 0.37 nm, or half unit cell height [17].…”