Influence of the Amount of Toothpaste on Cleaning Efficacy: An In Vitro Study

Sarembe, Sandra; Ufer, Carolin; Kiesow, Andreas; Limeback, Hardy; Meyer, Frederic; Fuhrmann, Ines; Enax, Joachim

doi:10.1055/s-0042-1747953

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Stains can be removed through a mechanical process achieved with the use of abrasive agents, such as charcoal, hydrated silica, or alumina particles. Moreover, the particle size, morphology, hardness, and quantity of abrasive agents, as well as the amount of toothpaste, have a significant influence on the effectiveness of stain removal [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Furthermore, chemical agents, such as enzymes, antitartar, and peroxide, can help with stain removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Whitening Toothpaste on Surface Roughness and Colour Alteration of Artificially Extrinsic Stained Human Enamel: In Vitro Study

et al. 2022

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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare five toothpastes in terms of alteration of surface roughness and colour of red-wine-stained human enamel over time after brushing simulation. Methods: Stained specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8): Oral-B Gum and Enamel (C), ZACT Stain Fighter (ZW), Colgate Optic White Volcanic Mineral (CW), Oral-B 3D White Luxe Fresh Breath (3DW), and Thepthai (TW). The colour and surface roughness of the specimens were measured after brushing simulation for four durations; two weeks, one month, six months, and twelve months. Abrasive particles in toothpaste were inspected under a scanning electron microscope. Results: Surface roughness was increased in the specimens that underwent brushing simulation in all groups (p < 0.05). ZW (6.33 ± 0.98μm) exerted the most changes in surface roughness for all durations. Other groups showed similar surface roughness at each time point. ΔE00 and ΔL were increased in all groups until twelve months; however, there were no significant differences between C (ΔE00 = 30.17 ± 4.16, ΔL = 38.19 ± 4.34), CW (ΔE00 = 24.25 ± 10.52, ΔL = 31.12 ± 11.00), and TW (ΔE00 = 29.00 ± 3.96, ΔL = 36.68 ± 4.53) at any time period. Moreover, ZW (ΔE00 = 45.6 ± 8.01, ΔL = 53.03 ± 6.71) and 3DW (ΔE00 = 43.6 ± 7.33, ΔL = 51.03 ± 6.47) exhibited a substantial change and were statistically differed from the other groups after four-weeks. Various characteristics of abrasive particles were inspected under SEM. Conclusion: All five toothpastes increased the surface roughness altered the colour of red wine-stained human enamel over time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Whitening Toothpaste on Surface Roughness and Colour Alteration of Artificially Extrinsic Stained Human Enamel: In Vitro Study

et al. 2022

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“…A general advantage of fluoride-free toothpastes for children is that they can be dosed in higher amounts (i.e., the dose is not limited to grain of rice-size or pea-size amounts) which significantly increase the cleaning efficacy of the toothpaste (Table 12 ) [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doses of fluoride toothpaste for children up to 24 months

Sudradjat,

Meyer,

Fandrich

et al. 2024

BDJ Open

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Aim The aim of this study was to test the dose of fluoride toothpaste by parents for their children aged up to 24 months. Methods Parents who use fluoride toothpastes for their children were asked to dose two commercially available toothpastes (A and B) with 1000 ppm fluoride each for their children as they would normally do at home. The toothpaste amounts were weighed, and as reference, the weight of an ‘optimal’ grain of rice-size amount of each toothpaste was used. Results 61 parents dosed a mean of 0.263 ± 0.172 g toothpaste A and 0.281 ± 0.145 g toothpaste B. The parents’ mean doses were 5.9 times higher for toothpaste A and 7.2 times higher for toothpaste B than an ‘optimal’ grain of rice-size amount (the reference dose as recommended). The difference between parent’s and reference dose was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Moreover, 39.3% of parents were not aware about conditions of use and warnings that have to be printed on the package of fluoride toothpastes. Conclusion In this study, parents significantly overdosed the toothpaste for their children. To avoid fluoride intake from toothpaste, parents can choose fluoride-free alternatives for the oral care of their infants and toddlers.

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“…Thus, mechanistic data such as particle–surface interactions can be derived from the results. These can be combined with other data, such as information on cleaning efficacy [ 35 ] in the early stages of toothpaste development. Together with information on abrasivity provided by RDA or RDA-PE, these results help to provide dentists and patients with appropriate toothpastes for specific clinical requirements or individual needs such as tooth whitening or sensitivity relief.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toothpaste Abrasion and Abrasive Particle Content: Correlating High-Resolution Profilometric Analysis with Relative Dentin Abrasivity (RDA)

et al. 2023

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In this in vitro study, the influence of the concentration of abrasive particles on the abrasivity of toothpastes was investigated using laser scan profilometry on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) surfaces with the aim of providing an alternative method to developers for screening of new toothpaste formulations. PMMA plates were tested in a toothbrush simulator with distilled water and four model toothpastes with increasing content of hydrated silica (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 wt%). The viscosity of the model toothpaste formulations was kept constant by means of varying the content of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water. The brushed surfaces were evaluated using laser scan profilometry at micrometer-scale resolutions, and the total volume of the introduced scratches was calculated along with the roughness parameters Ra, Rz and Rv. RDA measurements commissioned for the same toothpaste formulations were used to analyze the correlation between results obtained with the different methods. The same experimental procedure was applied to five commercially available toothpastes, and the results were evaluated against our model system. In addition, we characterize abrasive hydrated silica and discuss their effects on PMMA-sample surfaces. The results show that the abrasiveness of a model toothpaste increases with the weight percentage of hydrated silica. Increasing roughness parameter and volume loss values show good correlation with the likewise increasing corresponding RDA values for all model toothpastes, as well as commercial toothpastes without ingredients that can damage the used substrate PMMA. From our results, we deduce an abrasion classification that corresponds to the RDA classification established for marketed toothpastes.

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Influence of the Amount of Toothpaste on Cleaning Efficacy: An In Vitro Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Whitening Toothpaste on Surface Roughness and Colour Alteration of Artificially Extrinsic Stained Human Enamel: In Vitro Study

Effect of Whitening Toothpaste on Surface Roughness and Colour Alteration of Artificially Extrinsic Stained Human Enamel: In Vitro Study

Doses of fluoride toothpaste for children up to 24 months

Toothpaste Abrasion and Abrasive Particle Content: Correlating High-Resolution Profilometric Analysis with Relative Dentin Abrasivity (RDA)

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