Influence of the annealing in nitrogen atmosphere on the XRD, EDX, SEM and electrical properties of chemical bath deposited CdSe thin films

“…Substrates were cleaned by following the procedure in Erat et al 30 and Metin et al 31 Aqueous solutions of 1 M cadmium sulphate, 2.25 M hydrazine, 1.4 M thiourea, and 25% NH 3 were prepared without precipitation to deposit the CdS film. The film was deposited on the substrate by keeping it vertically in the beaker without stirring at 70 C for 2 h. This process was repeated seven times so as to increase film thickness, and the deposition solution was refreshed each time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of annealing temperature on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of CdS films

et al. 2010

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Cadmium sulfide (CdS) photocatalyst films were grown on glass by chemical bath deposition (pH 9.4, 70 C) and then annealed in nitrogen from 423 K to 823 K in steps of 100 K. The XRD crystallite size increases in a sigmoidal manner from 60 nm to 100 nm while the optical band gap energy decreases from 2.42 eV to 2.28 eV. This trend is paralleled by the decreasing Urbach energy, but only up to 623 K, where it increases again. This is the temperature where the Cd effectively surpasses the phase transformation from cubic to hexagonal, and the activation energy for electronic transport drops by a factor of nearly two.

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“…Two of the probes are used to supply current and the other two probes are used in measuring voltage. The advantage of using four probes is that this eliminates the measurement errors due to probe resistance, the spreading resistance under each probe, and the contact resistance between each metal probe and the material [32,33].…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of non-graphitizing carbon fibers prepared from poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) precursor fibers

Karacan

Erzurumluoğlu

2015

Fibers Polym

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The effect of carbonization temperature on the structure and properties of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)-based carbon fibers from commercially available Twaron ® (PPTA) presursor is reported. Turbostratic PPTA-based carbon fibers were produced using a single step procedure in an inert atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1100 o C. In the present study, fiber diameter, mass yield, density, elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, tensile testing and electrical conductivity measurements were performed and evaluated to follow and monitor the properties and structural transformations of carbon fibers with rising temperature. The increase of heat-treatment temperature to 1100 o C decreased the interlayer d-spacing (d 0 0 2 ) and increased the in-plane size (L a ) and thickness (L c ) of the graphene layers. The intensity ratios of D to G bands in the Raman spectra increased with rising temperature, suggesting, in agreement with the X-ray diffraction measurements, that the in-plane size (L a ) of the graphene planes increased with temperature. The density, carbon content, C/H ratio, apparent crystallite size (L a and L c ), electrical conductivity and tensile properties of the resultant carbon fibers were enhanced with rising temperature. It has been shown that the gage length of the carbon fibers tested has a significant effect on the tensile strength obtained. After taking into account the effects of gage length and porosity dependence, the carbonization of PPTA precursor fibers prepared at 1100 o C gave a tensile strength of 191 MPa and a tensile modulus of 83 GPa, respectively.

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Influence of the annealing in nitrogen atmosphere on the XRD, EDX, SEM and electrical properties of chemical bath deposited CdSe thin films

Cited by 123 publications

References 1 publication

Synthesis, characterization and luminescence properties of long afterglow Phosphor Ba4Al14O25:Eu,Dy

Synthesis, characterization and luminescence properties of long afterglow Phosphor Ba4Al14O25:Eu,Dy

The effect of annealing temperature on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of CdS films

Formation of non-graphitizing carbon fibers prepared from poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) precursor fibers

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