Influence of the nanocellulose raw material characteristics on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of conductive paper electrodes

Mihranyan, Albert; Esmaeili, Mehdi; Razaq, Aamir; Alexeichik, D.; Lindström, Tom

doi:10.1007/s10853-012-6305-6

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The band at 2900 cm -1 is related to C-H symmetric stretching vibration, and 1634 cm -1 reflects O-H bending of the absorbed water [21,22]. The C-O-C glycosidic ether band at 1110 cm -1 arises from the polysaccharide component, which weakens in BCNC because of the reduction in molecular weight [23,24]. Compared to the FTIR spectrum of cellulose pulp, the peak at 1435 cm -1 , which was attributed to the -CH 2 scissoring vibration, disappeared in BCNC, and the relative peak intensity at 895 cm -1 increased.…”

Section: Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanochemical approach to manufacturing bamboo cellulose nanocrystals

et al. 2014

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Bamboo cellulose nanocrystals (BCNC) were manufactured via a mechanochemical approach with the dissolving action of phosphoric acid on cellulose. The effects of phosphoric acid concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature, and ultrasonication time on the yield of BCNC were investigated. Micromorphology and microstructure of BCNC were studied using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that BCNC were short rod-like particles with 100-200 nm in length and 15-30 nm in width, forming an interconnected network structure. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the crystalline structure of BCNC transformed from cellulose I to cellulose II, compared to cellulose pulp, with the crystallinity index declining from 66.44 to 59.62 %. The thermal properties of BCNC were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and revealed that BCNC exhibited lower thermal stability compared to cellulose pulp. This research work provides a low-cost approach and mild operating conditions to manufacturing BCNC.

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Section: Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanochemical approach to manufacturing bamboo cellulose nanocrystals

et al. 2014

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“…Cellulose is the most abundant renewable biopolymer which presents primarily in wood biomass . For the past few decades, cellulose has attracted attention as one of the promising polysaccharides for accomplishing highly engineered nanoparticles, which can be applied in many areas . By applying mechanical, chemical, physical, or biological methods, cellulosic fibers can be disintegrated into cellulose substructures with microsize or nanosize dimensions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 For the past few decades, cellulose has attracted attention as one of the promising polysaccharides for accomplishing highly engineered nanoparticles, which can be applied in many areas. [17][18][19][20] By applying mechanical, chemical, physical, or biological methods, cellulosic fibers can be disintegrated into cellulose substructures with microsize or nanosize dimensions. 21 Nanocellulose demonstrates excellent properties, including high aspect ratio, large specific surface area, unique optical properties, and high Young's modulus resulting from high crystallinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose nanofibers prepared from TEMPO‐oxidation of kraft pulp and its flocculation effect on kaolin clay

Jin

Wei

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Cellulose nanofibers were prepared using TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO oxidation of kraft pulp and successive ultrasonic treatment, and the properties were characterized by conductimetric titration, X‐ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The resulting product was then applied as an anionic microparticle to constitute a microparticulate system with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), to induce the flocculation of the kaolin clay suspension. The flocculation effect was evaluated by determining the relative turbidity of clay suspension. The results showed that the obtained cellulose nanofibers had cellulose I structure with higher crystallinity than that of the kraft pulp, and their cross‐sectional dimension was in the range of 3–5 nm. They had more negative zeta potential at neutral and alkaline conditions. It was found that the microparticulate system showed high flocculation effect on kaolin clay at a very low level of nanofiber addition, and a high shear level after CPAM addition was helpful for the flocculation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40450.

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“…p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) 18,22 and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), 19 15,20 Similar approaches have been adopted to prepare conductive films using MFC and PPy via in situ chemical polymerization 21 or CNF and PANI via in situ oxidative polymerization. [12][13][14]23,24 However, emulsion polymerization and the mechanism involved to promote the formation of the nanocomposite with desired electrical and mechanical properties have not yet been thoroughly examined. [12][13][14]23,24 However, emulsion polymerization and the mechanism involved to promote the formation of the nanocomposite with desired electrical and mechanical properties have not yet been thoroughly examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion-polymerized flexible semi-conducting CNCs–PANI–DBSA nanocomposite films

Atifi

Hamad

2016

RSC Adv.

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We have developed an essentially green, bottom-up approach for synthesising flexible, organic, semi-conducting nanocomposite films based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and polyaniline (PANI) through aqueous emulsion polymerization. Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) was used as surfactant and dopant for the emulsion. CNCs and DBSA micelle concentrations, their structural organization and alignment with the monomer in the emulsion have a significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposite films with electrical conductivity reaching as high as 5.29 x 10 -1 S.cm -1 which falls in the electrical conductivity range of germanium (2.24 x 10 -2 S.cm -1 ) and silicon (0.43 x 10 -5 S.cm -1 ) [S. L, Kakani, Electronics Theory and Applications, New Age International, 23-24, 2005.]. The CNCs-PANI-DBSA nanocomposite films show a maximum tensile stress and strain values of 22 MPa and 0.89 %, respectively and are significantly stronger and more flexible films than those obtained with, for instance, graphene/polyaniline composite paper or graphene paper, where it has been reported in the literature that the tensile strengths were 12.6 and 8.8 MPa, and maximum strains, 0.11 and 0.08 %, respectively [Wang et al.

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Influence of the nanocellulose raw material characteristics on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of conductive paper electrodes

Cited by 47 publications

References 53 publications

A mechanochemical approach to manufacturing bamboo cellulose nanocrystals

A mechanochemical approach to manufacturing bamboo cellulose nanocrystals

Cellulose nanofibers prepared from TEMPO‐oxidation of kraft pulp and its flocculation effect on kaolin clay

Emulsion-polymerized flexible semi-conducting CNCs–PANI–DBSA nanocomposite films

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