Influence of the Smile Line on Smile Attractiveness in Short and Long Face Individuals

Abstract

Objectives The study assessed the impact of facial height on attractiveness of smile, in association with the maxillary gingival display. This research was performed by dental professionals and laypersons. Materials and Methods Frontal extraoral photographs were captured for both short and long faces. The photographs were modified using software for image-processing and three rater groups (orthodontists, dentists, and laypersons) evaluated the smile attractiveness, with 30 subjects in each group. Differences in ratings of the different smiles among the different experimental groups were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Mann–Whitney U test was performed for pairwise comparisons between the experimental groups. Results Dentists and laypeople were most likely to agree. For the short face, laypeople and dentists both rated the +2 mm gingival display smile as the most attractive smile whilst orthodontists ranked the 0 mm gingival display smile as the most attractive smile. For the long face, laypeople and dentists ranked the 0 mm gingival display smile as the most attractive smile, whilst orthodontists ranked the +2 mm gingival display as the most attractive. Conclusion Smile line of both short and long face subjects was found to influence the smile attractiveness rating by the three rater groups.

Morphological features of smile attractiveness and related factors influence perception and gingival aesthetic parameters

“…Almost all previous studies agreed that marginal gingiva visible below 2 mm was the most suitable reference for smile attractiveness. 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 The smile arc is an important feature in smile aesthetics because it is related to the visible incisal edge of the anterior maxillary dentition, which has attracted much attention. It was reported that a parallel smile arc made people look younger, happier, and more attractive than a nonparallel one.…”

The Influence of the Smile on the Perceived Facial Type Esthetics

“…One aspect of this is the influence of face shape on the smile esthetics, specifically facial type! This relationship was investigated for some smile features such as smile line, yet no clear association was made between the smile feature and facial type [ 6 ]. It had been suggested that dentists and laypeople (but not orthodontists) preferred 2 mm gingival display with short face, but for the long face the orthodontist preferred 0 mm gingival display, while the dentists and laypeople preferred 2 mm gingival display [ 6 ].…”

“…This relationship was investigated for some smile features such as smile line, yet no clear association was made between the smile feature and facial type [ 6 ]. It had been suggested that dentists and laypeople (but not orthodontists) preferred 2 mm gingival display with short face, but for the long face the orthodontist preferred 0 mm gingival display, while the dentists and laypeople preferred 2 mm gingival display [ 6 ]. On another attempt, it is been found that individuals with different facial types had a different perception in what constitute an attractive smile when it comes to buccal corridors [ 7 ]; candidates with mesofacial, dolichofacial, and brachyfacial faces found the mesofacial face more attractive, accepting buccal corridors range from 2 to 15%.…”

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: the use of Digital Smile Design (DSD) in the Esthetic and Functional Recovery of Teeth

“…19 The developmental disturbances of enamel are presented as structural anomalies that result from the action of various etiological factors during the enamel apposition and mineralization stages, leading to changes in shape, color, and contour of the teeth, and severely compromising esthetics. 1,8,12,23 Although the clinical characteristics may be similar, the etiological factors diverges. [5][6][7] There were some evidences suggesting that medical problems during pregnancy, childhood illnesses, or treatment with antibiotics may represent causative factors.…”

“…Increasing numbers of patients are requesting cosmetic dental procedures to achieve the perfect smile. [1][2][3] In the modern practice of dentistry, it is no longer acceptable to modify isolated teeth. It is imperative that clinicians appreciate the components of a smile to create a final appearance that is not only physiologically and mechanically sound, but also esthetically pleasing.…”