The Influence of the Smile on the Perceived Facial Type Esthetics

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to determine if the smile would influence the facial types esthetics perception for dentists, specialists, and laypeople. The null hypotheses for this study were that the smile has no effect on the perceived facial esthetics of different facial types. Materials and Method A photograph of an attractive female face with an attractive smile was captured and manipulated using computer software, which was used to produce changes in the smile and facial type of the female face. Two sets of photographs were developed. The first set is composed of three photos showing mesofacial, dolichofacial, and brachyfacial faces; on these photos the smiles were masked intentionally. On the second set, the smile was revealed in the three face types (mesofacial, dolichofacial, and brachyfacial faces); this results in three smiling photos, where each showed a facial type with the same smile. These photos (6 photos in total) were rated by the participants; two hundred participants were recruited, 50 general dentists, 50 specialist dentists, and 100 laypeople. Results The three groups (dentists, specialists, and laypeople) rated the mesofacial face as the highest (p value < 0.01) (64.48, 76.12, and 60.68, respectively), the mesofacial face was the only face that showed a significant difference between the three groups ratings (p value<0.01), and this significant difference disappeared when we compared the smiling photos for the mesofacial face (p value>0.01). Conclusion Mesofacial face is considered to be the most attractive face in comparison to dolichofacial and brachyfacial faces. Facial type should not be looked at separately from the smile as the smile might influence the esthetics perception of the facial type.

Facial esthetic outcome of functional followed by fixed orthodontic treatment of class II division 1 patients

“…It should be noted that both studies assessed the effect of treatment on static facial appearance, since that was the original aim. Facial expressions, such as the smile, may also influence the perception of facial esthetics [21]. Thus, a favorable effect of treatment in facial appearance during functioning cannot be excluded from the present findings.…”

Soft Tissue Profile Changes in Patients With Class II malocclusion

“…As mentioned, the facial pro le in patients with this type of malocclusion is altered and considered unattractive before the treatment. As a result of improvement of these proportions and of the pro le, the esthetic perception is changed from unattractive to attractive, which is one of the main reasons why patients seek orthodontic treatment [31].…”

Impacto da exposição gengival na estética do sorriso

“…Esses fatores indicam que a harmonia entre todas as estruturas da face são necessárias para alcançar uma estética favorável, sendo pertinente que a avaliação vá muito além da cavidade bucal. A literatura mostra que as etiologias do sorriso gengival são diversas podendo estar relacionadas no mesmo indivíduo, o que sugere, muitas vezes, um tratamento complexo (Rocha Neto & Damin, 2009;Sarver & Ackerman, 2003;Garber & Salama, 1996;Batwa, 2018).…”

“…Estudos constatam que o sorriso modifica a percepção de terceiros e diminuiu o impacto do tipo facial, ou seja, podemos considerar que o sorriso afeta a estética percebida em diferentes padrões faciais (Batwa, 2018). Ao analisar na literatura, encontramos diversos aspectos a serem considerados na estética do sorriso, dentre eles podemos citar princípios estéticos e funcionais, que englobam características relacionadas a face, aos dentes, a gengiva e ao lábio (Chiche & Pinault, 1994).…”