Influence of thermomechanical fatigue loading conditions on the nanostructure of secondary hardening steels

Hofinger, Matthias; Seisenbacher, Benjamin; Landefeld, Andreas; Ognianov, Miloslav; Turk, Christoph; Leitner, Harald; Schnitzer, Ronald

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2020.140672

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the combined model, it is assumed that the kinetic model describes coarsening as a purely thermal effect acting independent of cyclic mechanical straining. This assumption is in accordance with the findings of [29]. In the combined model, the material properties are dependent on an aging variable.…”

Section: Plasticity Models For Martensitic Steels Including Softeningsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Cyclic softening is thereby attributed to a decrease of the dislocation density during cyclic plastic loading, e.g., shown in [28]. Findings from a high-resolution experimental analysis in [29] show that coarsening of carbides is not affected by the superimposed mechanical strain but solely caused by the thermal loading. Hence, thermal softening and cyclic softening can be treated as independent mechanisms.…”

Section: Softening Mechanisms In Martensitic Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Temperature-Dependent Viscoplasticity Model for the Hot Work Steel X38CrMoV5-3, Including Thermal and Cyclic Softening under Thermomechanical Fatigue Loading

2023

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In this paper, a temperature-dependent viscoplasticity model is presented that describes thermal and cyclic softening of the hot work steel X38CrMoV5-3 under thermomechanical fatigue loading. The model describes the softening state of the material by evolution equations, the material properties of which can be determined on the basis of a defined experimental program. A kinetic model is employed to capture the effect of coarsening carbides and a new isotropic cyclic softening model is developed that takes history effects during thermomechanical loadings into account. The temperature-dependent material properties of the viscoplasticity model are determined on the basis of experimental data measured in isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue tests for the material X38CrMoV5-3 in the temperature range between 20 and 650 ∘C. The comparison of the model and an existing model for isotropic softening shows an improved description of the softening behavior under thermomechanical fatigue loading. A good overall description of the experimental data is possible with the presented viscoplasticity model, so that it is suited for the assessment of operating loads of hot forging tools.

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Section: Plasticity Models For Martensitic Steels Including Softeningsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Softening Mechanisms In Martensitic Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Temperature-Dependent Viscoplasticity Model for the Hot Work Steel X38CrMoV5-3, Including Thermal and Cyclic Softening under Thermomechanical Fatigue Loading

2023

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“…Due to related changes in austenite composition, i.e., a decrease in carbon content in austenite, which causes an increase in the “martensite start” and “martensite finish” temperatures, the retained austenite transforms to martensite upon cooling from the tempering temperature. Therefore, the tempering step is carried out three to four times in order to ensure the tempering of all additionally formed martensite in order to minimize the residual stresses and corresponding brittleness [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Niobium-Alloyed High-Carbon Tool Steel via Additive Manufacturing and Modern Powder Metallurgy

Borkovcová,

Novák,

Merghem

et al. 2023

Materials

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Niobium is recently considered one of the potential alloying elements for tool steels due to the formation of hard and stable carbides of MC type. Its use is limited by the fact that these carbides tend to coarsen during conventional melting metallurgy processing. This work explores the potential of additive manufacturing for processing Nb-alloyed tool steel with a high content of carbon. Directed energy deposition was used as the processing method. It was found that this method allowed us to obtain a microstructure very similar to that obtained after the use of consolidation via spark plasma sintering when subsequent heat treatment by soft annealing, austenitizing, oil quenching and triple tempering for secondary hardness was applied. Moreover, the soft annealing process could be skipped without affecting the structure and properties when machining would not be required. The hardness of the steel was even higher after additive manufacturing was used (approx. 800–830 HV 30) than after spark plasma sintering (approx. 720–750 HV 30). The wear resistance of the materials processed by both routes was almost comparable, reaching 5–7 × 10−6 mm3N−1m−1 depending on the heat treatment.

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Stress–Strain Response of AISI H13 Steel Subjected to Cyclic Thermomechanical Loading

Wu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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This study investigates the stress–strain behavior of AISI H13 hot work die steel under thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) conditions. An electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical coupled finite element model was established to analyze the temperature and stress evolution during TMF cycles. Experimental results reveal that as TMF cycles increase, the hysteresis loop areas expand, and maximum tensile and compressive stress values decrease, indicating cyclic softening of AISI H13 steel. After undergoing TMF, observations show martensitic lath recovery and carbide coarsening along boundaries. Numerical results indicate thermal cycles cause temperature field inhomogeneity along the axial direction, which leads to a non‐uniform distribution of internal stresses along the longitudinal axis. Besides, the TMF lifetime under numerical simulation is comparable to that obtained through experiments. Based on experimental and simulation data, four life prediction models are employed, with the Ostergren model showing the highest consistency with a reliability factor of 1.2.

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Influence of thermomechanical fatigue loading conditions on the nanostructure of secondary hardening steels

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

A Temperature-Dependent Viscoplasticity Model for the Hot Work Steel X38CrMoV5-3, Including Thermal and Cyclic Softening under Thermomechanical Fatigue Loading

A Temperature-Dependent Viscoplasticity Model for the Hot Work Steel X38CrMoV5-3, Including Thermal and Cyclic Softening under Thermomechanical Fatigue Loading

Processing of Niobium-Alloyed High-Carbon Tool Steel via Additive Manufacturing and Modern Powder Metallurgy

Stress–Strain Response of AISI H13 Steel Subjected to Cyclic Thermomechanical Loading

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