Influence of Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rhizoctonia Root Rot (Bare Patch) of Winter Wheat

Pumphrey, F. V.; Wilkins, D. E.; Hane, D. C.; Smiley, Richard W.

doi:10.1094/pd-71-0125

Cited by 76 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The influence of N on Rhizoctonia diseases is variable (21,47) and it is difficult to make generalizations. For example, in cereals, applying N led to reduced bare patch (root rot) in one set of experiments (24) but not in another (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cultivation and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization on Large Patch Disease of Zoysiagrass

Obasa¹,

Fry²,

Bremer³

et al. 2013

Plant Disease

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Obasa, K., Fry, J., St. John, R., and Kennelly, M. 2013. Effect of cultivation and timing of nitrogen fertilization on large patch disease of zoysiagrass. Plant Dis. 97:1075-1081.Large patch of zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is caused by Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 2-2 LP. The effects of summer cultivation (core-aerification, verticutting, and sand topdressing) and spring and fall versus summer nitrogen (N) fertilization on large patch in fairway height 'Meyer' zoysiagrass were investigated from 2008 to 2011 in Manhattan, Haysville, and Olathe, KS. Disease was assessed by measuring patch diameters or analyzing digital images of affected plot areas to determine the percentage of non-green turfgrass within patches. Cultivation did not affect thatch temperature, soil temperature, soil water content, or turf recovery from large patch in early summer. Furthermore, cultivation did not result in overall significant reductions in patch diameters or average weekly rate of patch diameter increase among plots at the three experimental locations. In some site-year combinations, spring and fall N fertility was associated with lower percentages of non-green turf within affected plot areas in Manhattan and Haysville. In some cases, applications of N during spring and fall may alleviate large patch symptoms.Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud. and Z. matrella (L.) Merr.) is a warm-season (C4), perennial turfgrass that is widely used on golf courses in the "transition-zone" of the United States, a region that includes Kansas and states eastward to Virginia and North Carolina. Compared with certain cool-season (C3) turfgrass species used on fairways, such as creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), zoysiagrass has lower water, fertilizer, and pesticide requirements while maintaining a high-quality surface (16). Large patch, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn anastomosis group (AG) 2-2 LP, is the most common and most severe disease of zoysiagrass.In Kansas, symptoms of large patch appear during spring (April to May) and autumn (September to October) as roughly circular, slightly matted tan patches with bright orange margins (17,40,45). Patches can range from 1 to 6 m or more in diameter (17,45), with healthy turf sometimes scattered within the patches. Symptoms on individual plants occur as reddish-brown to black lesions on the basal leaf sheaths. During summer conditions, regrowth within patches often results in full turf recovery, though weeds can encroach while the zoysiagrass is thinned.In laboratory tests, a temperature range of 15 to 25°C was optimum for infection of zoysiagrass by the fungus (17). It has been suggested that the lack of symptoms during summer months is because thatch and soil temperatures often exceed 30°C, potentially hindering growth of the fungus while, at the same time, favoring zoysiagrass root and shoot growth (17). Additionally, soil moisture and leaf wetness are important factors in large patch development and severity. Severe large patch symptoms on zoysiagrass have been associated wi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in several studies of bare patch (root rot) of wheat, caused by R. solani, reduced tillage led to an increase in severity (24,36,37). It has been suggested that tillage may physically disrupt the fungal hyphae (3,34) or alter the soil microbial community to be suppressive to disease (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cultivation and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization on Large Patch Disease of Zoysiagrass

Obasa¹,

Fry²,

Bremer³

et al. 2013

Plant Disease

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“…hizoctonia bare patch and root rot disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8, results in major yield limitations in directseeded (no-till) cereal crops, as they develop circular or oval patches of stunted plants that produce little or no grain (1). It was discovered in Australia in the 1930s (2) and in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) in the mid-1980s (1,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was discovered in Australia in the 1930s (2) and in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) in the mid-1980s (1,3). To date, no wheat or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars are resistant to Rhizoctonia (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Bacterial Communities in the Natural Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani Bare Patch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Yin

Hulbert

Schroeder

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

221

153

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dRhizoctonia bare patch and root rot disease of wheat, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8, develops as distinct patches of stunted plants and limits the yield of direct-seeded (no-till) wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the site of a long-term cropping systems study near Ritzville, WA, a decline in Rhizoctonia patch disease was observed over an 11-year period. Bacterial communities from bulk and rhizosphere soil of plants from inside the patches, outside the patches, and recovered patches were analyzed by using pyrosequencing with primers designed for 16S rRNA. Taxa in the class Acidobacteria and the genus Gemmatimonas were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of healthy plants outside the patches than in that of diseased plants from inside the patches. Dyella and Acidobacteria subgroup Gp7 were found at higher frequencies in recovered patches. Chitinophaga, Pedobacter, Oxalobacteriaceae (Duganella and Massilia), and Chyseobacterium were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of diseased plants from inside the patches. For selected taxa, trends were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), and observed shifts of frequencies in the rhizosphere over time were duplicated in cycling experiments in the greenhouse that involved successive plantings of wheat in Rhizoctonia-inoculated soil. Chryseobacterium soldanellicola was isolated from the rhizosphere inside the patches and exhibited significant antagonism against R. solani AG-8 in vitro and in greenhouse tests. In conclusion, we identified novel bacterial taxa that respond to conditions affecting bare patch disease symptoms and that may be involved in suppression of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare batch disease.

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“…Sturz and Carter (1995) found that recovery of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn from root tissues was lower following conservation tillage than moldboard plowing or shallow (rotary) tillage, probably due to antagonism effect associated with elevated numbers of saprophytic trash microflora concentrated at the soil surface. Pumphrey et al (1987) reported, however, that root rot of winter wheat was higher under NT plots than in tilled plots in Ohio. Therefore, the tillage effect on root rot infection may depend on environmental factors as well, such as soil moisture content.…”

Section: Brown Girdling Root Rotmentioning

confidence: 92%

Residue management and crop sequence effects on the yield and brown girdling root rot of canola

Soon¹,

Klein-Gebbinck²,

Arshad³

2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2005. Residue management and crop sequence effects on the yield and brown girdling root rot of canola. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 67-72. Brown girdling root rot (BGRR) is a serious and widespread disease of canola (Brassica rapa L.) in the Peace River region of northwestern Canada. There is no chemical control treatment for the pathogen, and farmers have observed that the disease is more severe when canola follows red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) or clover (Trifolium spp.) compared to summer fallow. A field study was conducted to determine how crop sequences following red fescue termination can be combined with residue and tillage management to reduce BGRR infection and increase canola yield. The five treatments consisted of rotations of: continuous canola (CCC) and oat (Avena sativa L.)-oat-canola (OOC), both managed using reduced tillage (RT), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-wheat-canola (WWC), managed using RT, conventional tillage (CT) or no-till (NT). Canola yield followed the trend: OOC(RT) = WWC(RT) > WWC(CT) > CCC(RT) = WWC(NT). BGRR infection increased with tillage intensity: WWC(CT)> CCC(RT) = WWC(RT) = OOC(RT) > WWC(NT), and was reduced when canola followed two cereal break crops. Yield was highest when canola was preceded by a cereal crop and lowest without a break crop. The low yield with NT was attributed to poor crop emergence from a hard seed bed with unbroken turf and to competition from re-emerged fescue in the third year after fescue breaking. This study demonstrated that the cropping sequence and tillage system used influenced canola yield to a greater extent than did BGRR infection. Il n'y a aucun traitement chimique de commande pour le microbe pathogène, et les fermiers ont observé que la maladie est plus grave quand le canola suit la fétuque rouge (rubra L de Festuca.) ou trèfle (espèces de trifolium.) comparé à la jachère en été. Une étude sur le terrain a été conduite pour déterminer comment des ordres de récolte suivant l'arrêt de fétuque rouge peuvent être combinés avec le résidu et la gestion de labourage pour réduire le rendement de canola d'infection et d'augmentation de BGRR. Les cinq traitements se sont composés des rotations de : canola continu (ccc) et avoine (l'avoine commune L.)-oat-canola (OOC), tous les deux a contrôlé en utilisant le labourage réduit (droite), et le blé (triticum aestivum L.)-wheat-canola (WWC), contrôlé en utilisant la droite, labourage conventionnel (CT) ou aucun-jusqu'à (NT). Le rendement de Canola a suivi la tendance : OOC(RT) = WWC(RT) WWC(CT) CCC(RT) = WWC(NT). L'infection de BGRR a augmenté avec l'intensité de labourage : WWC(CT) CCC(RT) = WWC(RT) = OOC(RT) WWC(NT), et a été réduit quand le canola a suivi deux récoltes de coupure de céréale. Le rendement était le plus haut quand le canola a été précédé par une récolte de céréale et le plus bas sans récolte de coupure. Le bas rendement avec le NT a été attribué à l'apparition faible de récolte d'un lit dur de graine avec le gazon ininterrompu et à la concurrence de la fétuque réapparue par la troisième an...

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Influence of Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rhizoctonia Root Rot (Bare Patch) of Winter Wheat

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Cultivation and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization on Large Patch Disease of Zoysiagrass

Effect of Cultivation and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization on Large Patch Disease of Zoysiagrass

Role of Bacterial Communities in the Natural Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani Bare Patch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Residue management and crop sequence effects on the yield and brown girdling root rot of canola

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